This is all very idealistic, and maybe most of it was true in the days when you guys were starting your careers.
Ask anyone under 40 if it rings true today, though, and they'll laugh at you.
I have a different perspective. Although I did my college economics in the 70's, I've tried to keep up with my reading (at least when the content is not too theoretical).
The biggest change starting slowly even in the 60's with the first Japanese cars that offered higher quality at competitive prices. This move of heavy industry from the US to other nations advanced through the 70's and became a full-bore process by the mid to later 80's.
In our field, brands like RCA died. Appliances like washers and refrigerators and vacuums either came from American companies using "maquiladoras" in Mexico or Japanese... and a growing number of Taiwanese, Korean and Thai manufacturers and brands.
Environmental issues caused whole industries to move. A case in point is the aluminum industry, where last month one of the few remaining producers closed permanently. What has been done is to move potentially polluting industries from the U.S. where they can be properly regulated to places where there is no regulation at all. The effect is increased world-wide pollution and the loss of millions of American jobs.
I've been in nations where the lost American production now resides. Black rivers where plants will not grow for 5 or 6 meters on either side of the banks. Smoking refineries and plants with obviously no abatement of contamination.
And much lower labor costs. In neighboring Mexico, an industrial worker gets in a week less than a union worker in the US makes per day. So industries don't locate in the U.S. unless they can operate with near total automation. I saw an episode of one of those "how is it made?" shows last week and it featured the Tesla plant in Fremont, CA. Huge areas of the factory with no people and dozens of robots. Little labor.
While it was radically politically motivated, I liked the previous administration's placement of tariffs on foreign imports from nations where labor costs were kept low and stolen technology was being used to drive out American business.
I remember a QSL card from the early 60's from WTTM in Trenton, NJ. It had the call letters and then a slogan of "World Takes - Trenton Makes". Now it should be "World Makes, Trenton Takes".
I believe that job losses have come from excessive regulation and labor costs that do not allow the United States to compete in world markets.
One of my daughters was in Chile recently handling a legal case. She went to the largest shopping Center in Santiago (about the size of Mall of the Americas in Minnesota) and they were having one of those new car shows in the open spaces in the mall. Of something like 77 different cars, there were no American models, and only a couple of European and Korean cars. Over 70 models of Chinese brands were on display, and the newer cars on the streets were all Chinese.