oldmanradio said:
Was Birch the last to challenge Arbitron?
In the 80's we also had Burke, which produced some reports, and Audits & Surveys but I don't recall if they got to the point of doing an actual survey. Of course, Kurt Hansen's Accuratings tried for many years. And
Media Audits does 80 markets, but the reports don't have the granularity and AQH data of Arbitron (they show use of different media) and you can see their page at
http://www.themediaaudit.com/
North Central Willamette Research (
www.ncwr.com) provides radio surveys under Jim Willhite.
http://www.eastlanratings.com/ does ratings in about 100 markets.
MobilTrack did a ratings in several markets based on detection of the FM dial position of cars that drove by... it did not measure AM, nor did it measure at home or at work. I believe they now specialize in surveys of what stations people driving by retail locations are tuned to.
The key element is what agencies and advertisers use to buy. Arbitron became the agency tool of preference early in the 70's (they began in radio in '65) and stations found that they had to use Arbitron to sell in most cases.
And Arbitron had to overcome the preference for The Pulse and Hooper and even the MediaTrends ratings done by Arbitron founder Jim Seiler. And Pulse and Hooper had to contend with Trendex and Nielsen (who got out of radio I believe in the late 50's or early 60's). We can go back to around 1930 and find many different ratings companies and even more proposals for methods and practices.