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CKLW - Detroit's Worst Top 40 Station

D

dubya3qt

Guest
OK, they had a good signal. Maybe they were Toledo's best top 40 station.
But compared to WJBK, WKNR and WXYZ, they sucked.
No personality. A vanilla playlist. Just shouting and reverb.
Drake destroyed top 40 radio, robbing it of spontaneity, excitement, creativity, local flavor and personality.
20/20 News was clever but it wasn't news.
WXYZ and WKNR hustled for real news.
The memorable personalities were NOT on CK: Mickey Schorr, Ed MacKenzie, Tom Clay, Dick Purtan, Gary Stevens, Dave Prince, Joel Sebastian, Joey Reynolds (among others).
CK led the way to what radio has become.
It wasn't the CRTC that destroyed CK. It was RKO-General and Bill Drake.
 
wixiekid said:
OK, they had a good signal. Maybe they were Toledo's best top 40 station.
But compared to WJBK, WKNR and WXYZ, they sucked.
No personality. A vanilla playlist. Just shouting and reverb.
Drake destroyed top 40 radio, robbing it of spontaneity, excitement, creativity, local flavor and personality.
20/20 News was clever but it wasn't news.
WXYZ and WKNR hustled for real news.
The memorable personalities were NOT on CK: Mickey Schorr, Ed MacKenzie, Tom Clay, Dick Purtan, Gary Stevens, Dave Prince, Joel Sebastian, Joey Reynolds (among others).
CK led the way to what radio has become.
It wasn't the CRTC that destroyed CK. It was RKO-General and Bill Drake.

You make a number of statements that I don't agree with.

First, CKLW was an also-ran radio station prior to giving it to Bill Drake for reformatting.

Keener and WJBK had horrible signals in 1965, the year Arbitron entered Detroit (the first Arbitron market, by the way) and defined a metro which extended beyond the signals of either. And high-band WXYZ was no great signal, either. So the first issue of vulnerability was the signal, even back then.

Second, CKLW offered something listeners wanted: less chatter, more focused jocks and less news when they wanted to listen to music. Were listeners to have wanted longer newscasts with harder-news subjects, they would have stayed on the existing stations. The fact that they did not showed that CKLW was closer to understanding the needs of the market than the other stations.

Remember, needs are determined by listeners, not by the government. The US stations were still under content percentage "renewal expectancy" guidelines on news, Public Affairs and Other programming. CKLW proved that the government can not force listeners to tune in what they did not and do not want.

Similarly, CKLW and Drake used the research methods of the day to determine what listeners wanted to hear. You believe the list was "vanilla" but the vast majority of Top 40 listeners did not. 1500, 1310 and 1270 went to other formats because their approach was not popular. The personality of CKLW was just what listeners wanted... concise, varied and full of energy.

And CKLW went away due to the combined forces of the growth of FM, the RKO licence issue, CanCon and the fragmenting of CHR... not the competion of other AM stations.
 
OK, they had a good signal. Maybe they were Toledo's best top 40 station.
But compared to WJBK, WKNR and WXYZ, they sucked.

I'll attempt to do what David did above, and with some additional observations.

No personality. A vanilla playlist. Just shouting and reverb.

CKLW hardly ran any reverb and I challenge you to find me one jock--aside, perhaps, from nighttime guy Ted Richards--who came even close to "shouting". Drake, Drew, Atkins, O'Brien, Brodie, Diehl, Hennes, Garland, Holiday all HATED the shouting screaming jock. It was a staple of the "personality" radio that was flavoring the airwaves in the mid-late 1960s.

I fail to see how you can allege "no personality" from the likes of Chuck Browning, Steve Hunter, Walt Baby Love, Super Max, Ted Richards, Gary Burbank, and the other Big 8 jocks.

I especially fail to see how you can reconcile your (inaccurate) statement about shouting with no personality. That is an internal inconsistency in your own "vanilla" statement.

Further, on that issue, the playlist is developed according to what listeners want to hear. And CKLW was, by virtue of its signal and its attendant listener base, the go-to spot for new music. It supplanted Keener in that respect--especially when Scott Regan joined the Big 8. CK's playlist reflected DETROIT, not some far off land. Compare a day's playlist of KHJ vs. CKLW vs. WRKO and see what we're talking about.

Drake destroyed top 40 radio, robbing it of spontaneity, excitement, creativity, local flavor and personality.

Oh hardly. That's buying into the cheap anti-Drake talking point that's been industry standard since he started kicking everyone's stubborn asses starting in Fresno and even back to his time in San Francisco. EVERY SINGLE DRAKE STATION was locally operated, locally programmed, locally tested, locally staffed, and locally live. Drake provided a template and guidance, but it was up to the local PDs and staff to implement it.

By the way, the stories of Drake calling up someone on the "batphone" are just that--stories. He listened, true--from his veranda or any other room in Bel Air. But he (or, more likely, Bill Watson, RKO National PD) would contact the station PD and tell him what was wrong. Then, PDs like Drew would make the batphone call.

This spontenaity and creativity argument has been false since it originated. Drake never once said "lose all your personality and just read these damn cards". What the format required of most dayparts was to *contain* the spontenaity and creativity. How spontaneous is something that goes on for a minute or two? The Drake format required extra planning (you really think that Biondi and J. Michael Wilson and the great personality guys just came up with that stuff off the top of their heads? They had crib sheets and pre-produced bits just like the Drake guys. Show prep is show prep, no matter how long your intro lasts) and, more importantly, attention to the clock. It required well-prepared bits, not just something that was slapped together.

20/20 News was clever but it wasn't news.

Tell that to the news directors that came out of there: Dick Smythe, Byron MacGregor, Keith Radford, Joe Donovan, Grant Hudson, and the guys who are STILL in news to this day--including Randall Carlisle, Jon Belmont, and Bob Losure.

Tell that to the news directors who were influenced by it--folks like Ed Coury and Tom Moore.

Did 20/20 News give the who, what, where, when, and how? Yes. Did it use sounders? Did it have reporters? Did it do in-depth reports on topics of interest to its vast audience? Did it do public affairs programming?

Yes.

WXYZ and WKNR hustled for real news.

CKLW did too--and it made it a bit easier to get news when it had folks calling it in too. The decision of what to air was exactly the same at CK as it was at Keener. The source of the news doesn't affect that news decision-making. Sound is sound, whether Jimmy Goodshoes holds a mike flag or Barbara Housewife calls in with her eyewitness report.

The latter is also more timely--you don't have to wait for Goodshoes to get back to the station to edit and cart.

The memorable personalities were NOT on CK: Mickey Schorr, Ed MacKenzie, Tom Clay, Dick Purtan, Gary Stevens, Dave Prince, Joel Sebastian, Joey Reynolds (among others).

Purtan was on CK too. As was Regan--Keener's most high-profile personality before he jumped over to CKLW. That was a rout, which you inexplicably left off.

To this day, Charlie Van Dyke, Ed Mitchell, Frank Brodie, Steve Hunter, Ted Richards, Super Max, Pat Holiday, and the other Big 8 jocks are as remembered as those you cite.

CK led the way to what radio has become.

Again, hardly. CKLW brought ONE FORM of radio kicking and screaming into a music delivery system. If anything, CKLW and all Drake radio would FAIL in today's culture because Drake DEMANDED no more than 12 minutes of commercials per hour, and no stop-set longer than 70 seconds.

Tell that to a GM or GSM today and see the look on their faces. Even Clear Channel's "Less is More" doesn't come close.

It wasn't the CRTC that destroyed CK. It was RKO-General and Bill Drake.

RKO and Drake were both out of the direction picture in 1971. That doesn't explain CKLW's continued dominance for the next 8 years.

Now, one point of contention with David. He wrote: "CKLW proved that the government can not force listeners to tune in what they did not and do not want." I understand, and am sympathetic to, his point about government interference with radio programming. But that broadside ignores the Canadian programming requirements that were even more onerous than the US ones--even back when the Big 8 started in 1967. Public service was required, as was news, and a percentage devotion to Canadian audiences of that stuff. Cancon was the culmination of continued Canadian government programming.

And even Cancon wasn't the death knell it's been made out to be. The Big 8 survived for years after the Cancon restrictions began in the early 70s. CKLW did prove that government cannot meaningfully require what the market was already accepting itself.
 
CKLW

Obviously WIXIEKID (WXYZ) is a charter member of the Sour Grapes Club because they never got a shot at being part of the legacy of CKLW. I literally grew up on the Big 8 and was a pretty devout DXer (not to mention devotee of great classic Top 40 airchecks) and there were only a few stations I ever heard that had that "magic", that something that made listening to them memorable. Some of the greatest radio stories ever come out of the Drake era (and after) and I've had the pleasure of spending time with various CK jocks and have enjoyed every second of it, hearing them on the radio and talking with them about being on such a legend.

WIXIE: look, cat, it's over. Hang it up. To call CKLW one of the worst top 40 stations is one of the most ignorant statements I've ever heard about any radio station and, honestly, you come off as a fool for such a mean-spirited posting.
 
CKLW

Either the post or the poster have to be a joke. The screen name leads me to believe they were either a WXYZ groupie or employee. CKLW kicked everybody's ass, anyway, so it's all quite moot.
 
I'm with David. CKLW was one of the greatest ! Stationality, excitement, and conciseness. Drake was a genius. I have tapes of the newscasts and they are awesome. The stories the people want to hear delivered in a maner relatable to the average guy. Drake took the cluter out of what preceded him in radio.
 
Re: CKLW

Oldies Cat said:
Obviously WIXIEKID (WXYZ) is a charter member of the Sour Grapes Club because they never got a shot at being part of the legacy of CKLW. I literally grew up on the Big 8 and was a pretty devout DXer (not to mention devotee of great classic Top 40 airchecks) and there were only a few stations I ever heard that had that "magic", that something that made listening to them memorable. Some of the greatest radio stories ever come out of the Drake era (and after) and I've had the pleasure of spending time with various CK jocks and have enjoyed every second of it, hearing them on the radio and talking with them about being on such a legend.

WIXIE: look, cat, it's over. Hang it up. To call CKLW one of the worst top 40 stations is one of the most ignorant statements I've ever heard about any radio station and, honestly, you come off as a fool for such a mean-spirited posting.

I think that was uncalled for. Different strokes for different folks.

Yesterday I listened to XM 60s on Six tribute to Keener 13 and remembered what a great station it was. Back in the day, I was a fan of Keener. I liked the personalities. I liked that they did straight news with flair. I much preferred them to CK and for my money CK's only advantage was its blow torch signal (so at night I listened to WCFL). Personalities/jocks were part of the magic (now lost) of AM Top 40 radio and I agree with those who say Drake took it away.

I also agree that Wixie suffered from a certain stodginess and from all the network stuff they had to clear. Their night signal was not great where I was either. Even so they had some of the best personalities ever, including Mickey Schorr. I don't think they were necessarily the worst (JBK had its moments) but I don't think they were the best either. If Keener had been on a comparable signal (say 760AM at 50kw) I think CK wouldn't have stood a chance.
 
What we have to remember is that Drake's format didn't come to CKLW until March 1967.

For most of the 1960s, CKLW had the same type of "personality" format as Keener, with Bud Davies, Tom Shannon, Dave Shafer, Joe Van, Ron Knowles, Terry Knight, Bearskin Rug Music, etc.

CKLW was an also ran against Keener with the same format--AND a much larger signal.

Folks, it wasn't the signal that beat Keener (though that may have played a part in it); it was the Drake format that beat Keener. Radio was evolving in the mid-late 1960s. Bill Drake did his research, starting in Atlanta, San Francisco, Stockton, Fresno, San Diego, and finally in LA. Everywhere the audience research and the ratings themselves proved that what was the backbone of "personality" radio--long stop sets, personalities with untimed and often uncontrolled bits and intros/outros, massively orchestrated jingles, network or top-hour newscasts, and a combined fewer songs per hour than most--was NOT what the audience wanted.

Drake streamlined the Top 40 format and got rid of the clutter--short stop sets, fewer commercial minutes, short, simple jingles, and controlled, regulated jock talk (anecdotally, "unless you have something to say, shut up and do the format"). The oft-derided "liner cards" were not a way of life, but a back-up and standard--if your planned bits weren't working, or you needed variety, you had a simple standard form to turn to.

As it was, call letters and slogans were mentioned alot more than on other stations, which is the whole point: you get famous by being known. You can have Joe Broadcaster with amzing personality and funny funny bits--but if you don't know who he is or what you're listening to, how can you tell anyone else about it?

And, besides, the station's focus was MUSIC, not funny bits from jocks. The music was the vehicle to sell the advertisers' product. The jock was merely part of that vehicle.

Mind you, Keener wasn't as bad as some of these other personality stations, but there was a definite shift in its focus even as early as 1966. The Drake influence was nationwide, and what became standard PD othodoxy by 1968 was Drake-ish. It happened at KQV, WABC, WFIL, WLS, etc.
 
CKLW

Al Johnson said:
I think that was uncalled for. Different strokes for different folks.

[/quote}


I hope like heck you're sending the "uncalled for" reference to Wixie. Different strokes is right- but to call CKLW "one of the worst top 40 stations" is absurd.
THAT is uncalled for.
 
Re: CKLW

Oldies Cat said:
I hope like heck you're sending the "uncalled for" reference to Wixie. Different strokes is right- but to call CKLW "one of the worst top 40 stations" is absurd.
THAT is uncalled for.

He said CKLW was the worst top 40 station in Detroit. That is a small club including WXYZ (his favorite), WKNR (my favorite), WJBK (I'm sure it has it's fans) and CKLW (your favorite). Detroit was a great radio market back then. All these stations had their strong points.

What I thought was uncalled for was the comment about "sour grapes" because he never worked at CK. Unless you know this person, you have no basis for saying that. I also thought is was uncalled for to call him "ignorant" and "mean spirited" just because he had a different opinion and preference.

I think CK executed the Drake-Chennault format was well as any station I've heard (even better at times than Boss KHJ). Much of the credit for that goes to their music director. I think Wixie was at it's peak before the payola scandal broke. 60s Wixie had some great personalities but they did need a tighter on-air sound and an effective PD. Giving the job to Lee Allen was a huge mistake, and the result was even more clutter which killed WXYZ as a top 40 station. Even so, I'd agree that the personality top 40 stations had a unique character, local presence and overall excitement and unpredictability that was deliberately missing from Drake's incarnation of CKLW.

Sadly, these stations were all so popular and now they are also-rans in the Arbitron ratings. And the stations my parents listened to (WJR and WWJ) are still on top.
 
CKLW

He was sour grapes 'cause WXYZ got it's tail kicked-in. It's really easy to throw out trash bombs but have you noticed nobody else came close to agreeing with him, simply because it was a ridiculous statement.

Sour grapes, indeed.
 
This thread was probably started by someone who wanted to call attention to the GREATNESS of CKLW, not the "worst station ever". Afterall, look at the response.

CKLW was truely a GREAT radio station. The jocks were top-notch and had the unique ability to entertain in a brief, concise style that was tailor-made for Top40 radio. The jingles were fantastic, the energy was always "on", and despite the CanCon, the music was well-targeted and right on the mark. To me, CKLW ranks right up there with WLS, WCFL, KFRC, and KHJ. Add to the fact that this was one of the few Canadian stations that is more identified with the U.S. than Canada. The Big Eight was one of the greats, no ifs, ands, or buts about it.
Blasphemy I say!
 
searadiofreak said:
This thread was probably started by someone who wanted to call attention to the GREATNESS of CKLW, not the "worst station ever". Afterall, look at the response.

CKLW was truely a GREAT radio station. The jocks were top-notch and had the unique ability to entertain in a brief, concise style that was tailor-made for Top40 radio. The jingles were fantastic, the energy was always "on", and despite the CanCon, the music was well-targeted and right on the mark. To me, CKLW ranks right up there with WLS, WCFL, KFRC, and KHJ. Add to the fact that this was one of the few Canadian stations that is more identified with the U.S. than Canada. The Big Eight was one of the greats, no ifs, ands, or buts about it.
Blasphemy I say!

Two of the four "greats" were not Drake-programmed/RKO-General stations. WLS was an ABC-owned station that sounded a lot like - guess who - WXYZ. I used to listen to "The Voice of Labor" at night (and sometimes I could get it during the day). For my money, WCFL in the late 60s was THE GREATEST AM top 40 station EVER. Best personalities. Best news. And absolutely the best jingle package.

CK was a Canadian station (in theory) more identified with the US because it was the only station located in a US market (practically speaking). The CRTC stepped in because it was NOT a Canadian station (in fact); neither was channel 9. Those of you who think CK can do no wrong should remember that the FCC yanked all the rest of RKO-General's US radio and TV licenses after widespread illegal practices came to light. If the CRTC hadn't stepped in, the RCMP and OPP might well have.

The nastiness of some of the comments made to somebody who committed the crime of liking another station (I may be next) shows that 20/20 News really did understand their audience. I somehow doubt a US station in the 60s could have gotten away with 20/20 News, which may explain why it was not copied at the time - even on other Drake or RKO General stations (a locally owned oldies station in Philadelphia did try it briefly in the mid 70s).

And now someone says Wixiekid (Marv Welch, Jr?) called CKLW the "worst station ever," following another who said he called it one of the worst. I hope neither of you works in news where your job requires the ability to get a quote right. He said it was the worst of the four AM top 40 stations in Detroit. And the worst station in Detroit would still be one of the best in the country.

I will agree that Drake took the personality, spontaneity, and local identity out of AM Top 40 radio. Because of this quality control, a lot of stations sounded better, just as now, a lot of stations sound better - especially in smaller and medium markets - with syndication, voice-tracking and 24/7 satellite networks. Personality top 40 depended on personalities and results were not always consistent. But when a personality clicked, the result was magic and Drake killed the magic.
 
I will agree that Drake took the personality, spontaneity, and local identity out of AM Top 40 radio

You can agree with that all you want, but the original statement is inaccurate. Drake did nothing but develop a format and monitor its execution.

The responsibility for the station's execution rested with the LOCAL PD, the LOCAL JOCKS, the LOCAL ENGINEERS, the LOCAL GMs, the LOCAL SALES staff, the LOCAL NEWSMEN. This fanciful idea that Bill Drake's Top 40 format directly and proximately led to satellite and voicetracking is bogus.

Name me ONE jock who was on the air at any Drake station that was not in the station's studio. Name me ONE jock who was not live. Name me ONE jock who did not do any local interaction (phone calls, live local spots, record hops and remotes).

The fact is you can't, because EVERY SINGLE DRAKE JOCK was live, was local, and was personable and interacting with the audience.

To say anything otherwise is to buy into the (erroneous) talking points from the crowd who believes that but for Bill Drake, every single personality today would have horns, whistles, would scream like Dick Biondi, and would have 2 minutes to have long-winded diarrhea of the mouth.

The FACT remains that in every market (save New York City) where a Drake format, or a pseudo-Drake format, station appeared, they consistently beat all of the "personality" stations. The AUDIENCE listened to the Drake format, which means the AUDIENCE wanted more music and less talk.

We need only look at WLS and WABC after 1968 to see what the impact was. THOSE STATIONS (ABC-owned) took heed of the national trend towards Drake-style more music, less talk, less commercials Top 40 radio.

WLS and WABC saw their ratings jump even higher. By the way: WCFL in the mid-60s BEAT the much vaunted (and stodgy) "WXYZ-like" WLS. That's just more evidence that what was happening at WXYZ and at WLS wasn't working.

And when John Rook established a Drake-like format at WLS, he beat WCFL.

Those are the facts. It wasn't any grand conspiracy by Bill Drake to take over radio--it was a decision by listeners to choose the station that wasn't cluttered and gave them the most music. Period.
 
I stand corrected on the quote, "worst station ever". I was going on a previous post that said the same.

However, I stand by my opinion that CKLW was a great sounding station. I am fully aware WCFL and WLS were not RKO stations, but both had periods where they sounded similar, especailly CFL. Personality radio did not have to include long, rambling bits. In fact, it was (and is) more of a challenge to be entertaining and compelling in short periods of time...a real art. And most CK jocks did this extremely well.
 
Dear Mr. Morgan:

Jocks at CKLW may have been local but they didn't sound local. The technology was not yet in place to allow jocks to be someplace else. But Drake did strip his jocks of local flavor and unique personalities (with a few exceptions like Don Steele).
Time-Temperature-Call Letters-Name of the song-Name of the artist. That was the first step. Once jocks didn't have personality, it was a short step to using technology to eliminating them all together.

Local PDs executed the format under Drake's direction. If PDs had so much independence, why were Drake stations so easily identifiable as Drake stations and why did they all sound so much alike?

People may have said the jocks talked too much but after those personality jocks were gone, baby boomers spent the next 40 years missing them and talking about how great they were and how much better radio used to be. Don't believe what people say on surveys.

WCFL was a personality Top 40 station. It beat WLS because it had stronger personalities and better production elements overall. It also maintained a much stronger local identity as WLS was becoming Drake-ified.

As 20-20 News demonstrates, Drake programmed to the lowest common denominator, and he found a willing ally in the crooks running RKO-General. And he proved Mencken was right: You can't go broke under-estimating the intelligence of the American (or Canadian) people.
 
Time-Temperature-Call Letters-Name of the song-Name of the artist. That was the first step. Once jocks didn't have personality, it was a short step to using technology to eliminating them all together.

I said this before: the liner cards were a fall-back and standard of the format. They were NOT requirements above all else. They were there for the jocks' benefit, should they not have something planned for a break, should a planned bit fall apart, or should the flow and tempo of the show at that split-second time not call for a planned intro or outro.

The question should be why were no other stations were as interested in stating their call letters? How did they expect any listeners to know what they were hearing?

Local PDs executed the format under Drake's direction. If PDs had so much independence, why were Drake stations so easily identifiable as Drake stations and why did they all sound so much alike?

They were identifiable because (a) they shared jingle packages, and (b) shared a programming philosophy. But WLS and CKLW, while both influenced by Bill Drake's format, did not sound at all the same. They were similar. KHJ and CKLW sounded similar, but again, not the same. This was not only music-wise, but also because of the jocks the stations had, the PDs the stations had, and the audience the stations had.

The Drake format was NEVER, EVER executed exactly the same in every city. To think it was is being closed-minded because of the preconceived notion about the format.

People may have said the jocks talked too much but after those personality jocks were gone, baby boomers spent the next 40 years missing them and talking about how great they were and how much better radio used to be. Don't believe what people say on surveys.

Guess what? Those folks recounting great jocks today ALSO mention the Big 8 jocks. It's a general feeling of loss for that era of radio in general. I challenge you to find me one person who says, "you know, I miss how radio was back in the 60s and 70s. You know, I miss all of those old radio jocks--except for the guys on CKLW. I don't miss them at all." No casual (and majority) radio listener is as petty as that.

And one more thing: don't believe what people say on surveys? When then should I discount an organized survey in favor of what some unnamed anecdotal people you allege say? That's not logical. The fact remains--and to this day, Drake (or Paul Drew) can show the research that showed the "why" that the Drake format was success: listeners wanted more music and less talk.

That same idea holds true today.

WCFL was a personality Top 40 station. It beat WLS because it had stronger personalities and better production elements overall. It also maintained a much stronger local identity as WLS was becoming Drake-ified.

Guess what? WCFL was MURDERED in the ratings by John Rook's (Drake-influenced) WLS starting in 1968. It never beat WLS again until WCFL hired Rook to consult it in 1972.

WCFL's run was about 3 years. And that was because CFL was less annoying personality than then-WLS. When the Rook WLS appeared, WCFL was beaten handedly.

As 20-20 News demonstrates, Drake programmed to the lowest common denominator, and he found a willing ally in the crooks running RKO-General. And he proved Mencken was right: You can't go broke under-estimating the intelligence of the American (or Canadian) people.

The 20/20 News style we all remember fondly didn't really come into its own until Drake and RKO were out of the picture. Oh sure, there were some glimemrs of it after Dick Smythe left and Byron took over, but the blood-and-guts style really took off starting in the early 1970s. That was a CKLW thing, not a Drake thing. NO other Drake station was as experimental, as contemporary, as in-your-face and relevant as CKLW's newsroom.

Again, despite the rhetoric and talking points otherwise, the Drake stations WERE local. Why people choose to ignore that in favor of proven untruth is ponderous.
 
Al Johnson said:
Those of you who think CK can do no wrong should remember that the FCC yanked all the rest of RKO-General's US radio and TV licenses after widespread illegal practices came to light.

In 1976 General Tire and Rubber was convicted of committing a felony by bribing a high ranking military offficial to put General Tires on military vehicles. Felon's cannot be FCC license holders, and thus, all 21 of the radio and TV stations were sold off in a "fire sale" for very little money. That's why RKO/General was out.


If the CRTC hadn't stepped in, the RCMP and OPP might well have.

Nice conjecture, but unfounded. They care about bribery of the US Gov't?

20/20 News really did understand their audience.

Way to insult a few million of the listening audience all at once. Pure class.
 
Additionally, the FCC's investigation of RKO-General started in 1965--BEFORE Bill Drake joined with the outfit, and was focused from the start on KHJ-TV. As that lengthy process went on (under which KHJ-TV was operating under temporary authority while the renewal of WNAC-TV and the other unit TV stations were pending; the radio side was never affected), the FCC, the SEC, and the DOJ uncovered more unethical conduct at the corporate level, not the broadcast level. The licenses were yanked because RKO never told the FCC about this--a lack of candor.

[They were never convicted of a felony, but entered a consent decree with the SEC over its corpoarte practices, including the foreign bribes and slush funds.]

Bill Drake and RKO ended their consultancy agreement in 1973.

The licenses weren't yanked nationally until the mid-1980s.

Inconvenient facts getting in the way of the anti-Drake talking point again. The case is set out fully in the FCC and court opinions, easily accessible online.

http://www.nyls.edu/cmc/uscases/rko.htm
 
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