I was a Nielsen household in a diary market during the July 2016. It was nothing like what b-turner described. No visit from a recruiter, and as I recall the payment was $1.
There were a couple of phone calls reminding me when the diary period began and ended, but no follow-up.
I got asked via postcard to do another diary at some later point, but I had resumed working in radio at that time which was against the guidelines so I did not.
For radio, personal visits are only a technique in some hard to recruit groups in a few PPM markets. They don't do it with the diary, and I don't recall it ever being done with the diary since I started visiting the various Maryland facilities... Beltsville, Laurel and Columbia... almost exactly 50 years ago!
The recruit methods vary, and may include a pre-phonecall letter. But they are almost all done with the phone and mailings.
Follow-up for diary is all by phone, as it's just a one-week period for recruits.
The PPM has both mail and phone contacts to maintain compliance over the up to two year PPM panelist time with the survey.
Diary incentives vary with the difficulty in recruiting certain groups. It's still a very small amount that would not buy two coffee drinks at Starbucks.
The PPM households / dwelling units can get a load of incentives, but they are based on longer terms. And there are far fewer PPM participants as the panel is smaller than the diary total for a book, and the panel only turns over around 8% monthly.
I've been recruited twice for TV in the Palm Springs mini-metro. The initial contact was by letter, followed by a phone call where I claimed media affiliation (although in a different market). When I mentioned that the parent of the affiliation was a national TV web, they said, "thanks but no thanks" and courteously said they'd take me off the list.