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Natterings of a "naysayer"

Naysayer, defined in one dictionary as “someone with an aggressively negative attitude”. That is just about the way it is applied in this forum so I will go with that definition for the sake of this on-going argument. Now I am not interested in changing anyone’s mind as the respective camps are pretty well entrenched now. As for me, I am not opposed to advancement in technology at all. If that weren’t the case, I would still be working with transcription lathes and wire recorders, so I don’t particularly care for being stereotyped and branded based on a single system preference. Indeed at the onset, I had high hopes for HD being the answer to the technological handicap of AM radio. It almost seemed too-good-to-be-true as the upside was portrayed like one of those late-night television commercials that are usually “per inquiry” marketing gimmicks selling a kitchen appliance that flawlessly performs all of these neat tasks. Every new technological advancement has some issue or series of problems in startup until a degree of “in the field knowledge” is gained and adjustments made. Commensurately, when a vendor is not forthcoming about these issues or denies there are any problems and declares product perfection, I tend to get apprehensive and start to ask questions. Now when a proponent starts to get angry with me because of the questions I am asking, that just makes me ask more questions. That’s about the time I just say “thank you for your time”, move on, consider other alternatives and seek a higher plane, which is exactly what I am doing.

The vast majority of the stations employing HD technology exist in the class of the largest broadcasters that are heavily invested in the brand with a direct ownership stake in the inventor and capital investment in the equipment. The majority of mid to small stations are forever frozen out of participation due to the capital cost and ongoing licensing fees that represent additional expense in a time when it is difficult to pay the FICA tax or light bill, others taking a wait and see attitude. Absences of HD in these geographic regions present a discontinuity of coverage and setback for receiver sales. I contend the large groups are committed but only to a degree as most (if not all) have not yet stuck their neck out far enough to invest in back-up or redundant HD transmission systems. Some of the equipment is now into its second if not already third generation, all in a very short period of existence.

The 10db power increase that’s being talked about for FM may help the digital but will have a negative impact on the analog, which is currently paying ALL the bills. As an example, even a well-integrated 92 and/or 67 kHz relatively narrow-band subcarriers can wreak multipath havoc with an FM signal in some markets. The sheer capital cost of the power increase (if approved) will be staggering considering most of the current hardware and ancillary equipment will have to be replaced.

Where robust in reach, radio is an ailing medium that is undergoing yet another adjustment to bring expenses inline with revised revenue; so another big outlay in capital is not likely. Many station staff level people look on HD as something that was added to their task list with no operational funding and dwindling resources. Sales people are concerned that additional channels may compete for revenue they have running on other stations even in their own cluster. Again, I am talking about the real world conditions, as they exist down here at the street level not in some high-rise corporate office hundreds of miles away from where the action is.

Is the demise of HD eminent? No! The investment in the technology is in the (B) billions and the people who sold the concept and pressed for the approved these capital investments are still employed and I am sure want to remain that way. To walk down the hall to the money folks and declare the concept a failure with all that investment still on the books may indeed be one of those career-altering admissions.

“And the beat goes on.”


W/
 
Great post, Watt -- you have summed up the current situation very well.

The question remains: Can we salvage digital radio in the US with some "tweaking"? It might be possible if the following steps are taken:

1) First, let's be honest and admit that in-band AM IBOC is a failure. Not only is the adjacent-channel skywave interference problem insurmountable, but the current system offers no real advantages over analog, other than providing a (synthetic) extension in frequency response. The noise immunity of AM IBOC is horrible, it does nothing to provide daytimers with a night signal, nor does it allow the majority of fulltimers to provide adequate market coverage at night.

2) But fortunately, VHF spectrum will open up next year in many areas, immediately below the 88-108 FM band. AM broadcasters should transmit their digital signals there, using the same modulation scheme as the "full digital" implementation of FM IBOC. Of course, this will allow the much-better-sounding 96 kbps codec to be used. The only receiver design mod would be an extension of front-end tuning range to cover 76 to 108.

3) Unlike a "hybrid digital" AM or FM signal, "full digital" COFDM permits synchronized simulcast transmitters, making it possible to fill weak signal areas by adding low-power boosters. For example, a station with its main site 15 miles out of town could add another co-channel transmitter downtown to improve building penetration, without causing destructive interference. The full advantages of digital transmission could be realized.

4) Is it legally possible under ITU regs for radio stations to use low-band TV spectrum? YES! International treaties recognize 76-88 as a broadcast band -- in fact, "Channel 200" FM stations have been allowed to share TV Channel 6 for years.

5) So how do we justify providing AM licensees this spectrum for a digital transition? By greatly enhancing public safety! Read on...

6) One of the major shortcomings of our current EAS system is that it relies on in-band signaling (the so-called duckfarts) and it requires pre-emption of regular programming whenever an audio alert message must be sent.

7) As the quid pro quo to make use of VHF digital spectrum, all AM licensees would provide at least one "multicast" audio channel to local and state emergency management officials on a fulltime, unlimited basis. Broadcasters would not be responsible for programming this channel, they would simply act as "common carriers", with message content to be provided solely by the local or regional EMA.

8- Emergency warning data signals would be transmitted in the digital data stream, but would not be audible to listeners, hence they could be repeated in a continuous 'loop' for the duration of an emergency. Receivers would filter out any irrelevant content; the listener would be notified only when a pertinent audio message is available on the multicast channel. I must stress again that broadcasters would not need to devote any resources to origination of these emergency messages, they would only be responsible for transmitting them as a "piggyback" to the regular programming carried on their digital facilities.

9) In addition to weather, chemical spill, and nuke plant warnings, this system could also be used by state DOTs to notify motorists of road closures, major accidents, etc. Car radios would only display relevant information, based on GPS position filtering. All of this is easy to do in software, hams have been into this stuff for over 15 years with the APRS system.

10) Now for the controversial part. To make this approach feasible, iBiquity needs to re-structure its business plan in a manner similar to the developers of digital TV technology. This means giving up the "proprietary" we-control-everything approach in favor of a conventional patent licensing strategy, with reasonable receiver royalities.

11) If iBiquity has the common sense to do this, then it might be possible for the Federal Government to mandate the inclusion of digital "emergency warning" radios in all new vehicles sold in the US. iBiquity will trade off a great amount of risk in return for reducing their demands -- and in the end, will come out ahead financially.

After nine years, the in-dashboard digital receiver penetration would pass fifty percent. After 15-20 years, the penetration would be high enough that FM stations could begin to think about switching from hybrid digital to full digital , then a 10 dB or higher digital power increase might be feasible.

To summarize:

-- The AM skywave problem is solved

-- Daytimers can go full time

-- Following the transition period, AM antenna site real estate can be sold

-- Building penetration improves

-- Fill-in boosters can be added as needed

-- AM stations will offer much better audio

-- This scheme provides a real fix for all of the shortcomings of EAS

-- Motorists will be much better informed

-- Lives will be saved

-- The estimated cost of a new car will increase $10


Fire away!
 
Why stop there? Heck, there's only 40 stations nationwide on channels 2-6 after 02/18/2009--channel 4, for instance, has only 2 stations on it. If you evict them all (most have upper-VHFs available to them), and use the entire band for an all-digital AM, that's 30MHz right there. I think 12MHz might be pushing it, but 30MHz for AM digital band? Bring it on.

- Trip
 
I really agree with Watt & Freebird.

I admit that I haven't bought an HD radio. My insentive for buying a new radio would be more for the extra channels available on FM-HD rather than hearing my favorite talk show or ball game in higher fidelity from AM-HD. I wonder how much of the general public shares my thought.

The VHF idea is great one. If AMs are allowed to have a VHF "channel" in addition to their current non-IBOC AM frequency, then listeners could migrate by choice. It would be like the migration to HDTV, but without the analog shut-off mandate.

The mention of the alerts function could be accomplished with the systems currently in place. Alert messages could be sent via the non-audio data of the HD system we now have. Wasn't RDS supposed to be able to do this?
 
Folks, it's time we figure out how to get the FCC off the dime and do something about this channel 6 thing. There are VERY few stations nationwide going back to 6 after analog sunset, so now's the time! In pure digital mode there are a LOT of channels available per "station" so the possibilites for renting to other services like potiential LPFM contenders even exist for the AM stations if they allow this. Somehow we need to push against the TV guys, who really don't have a good excuse to keep the channel in reality, and make it available to AM. It would be the BEST idea to grab 2-6 for allowing a spot for localized broadcasting on virgin spectrum or other things too. How can we work toward getting this as a PRM soon before it's too late FOREVER?
 
How many times must this be repeated here? The FCC said no to knew spectrum before IBOC came along. Do you believe this wasn't thought of by professional broadcasters before hand? The commission will NOT allocate new spectrum for radio broadcasting. Have fun knocking your heads against the wall.
 
that realestate already has $price$ tag on it. broadcasters are the ones who didn't want to go out of band. good idea but the boat sailed sometime back.
 
R.F. Burns said:
How many times must this be repeated here? The FCC said no to knew spectrum before IBOC came along. Do you believe this wasn't thought of by professional broadcasters before hand? The commission will NOT allocate new spectrum for radio broadcasting. Have fun knocking your heads against the wall.

Low band TV spectrum isn't "new" spectrum -- it's already allocated to broadcasting, as opposed to the L-band segment originally considered for digital radio. Use of Channel 6 for FM radio is already legal (see 47 CFR 73.501) 76-88 MHz in most markets of the US is about to be voluntarily relinquished by full-service TV stations, and there are no present plans to auction it off to other services.

May I remind you that many so-called "professional broadcasters" have done an incredible job of screwing up this business in the past few years. Here's an potential opportunity for the few with vision to go back and straighten out some of this mess.
 
radionekkid said:
that realestate already has $price$ tag on it. broadcasters are the ones who didn't want to go out of band. good idea but the boat sailed sometime back.

Some encouragement:

http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/prod/ecfs/retrieve.cgi?native_or_pdf=pdf&id_document=6519819116

This spectrum is not for sale. Our best bet would be to condition the use of these channels on support for an enhanced public emergency alert system.

Otherwise, we're going to see a bunch of WNYZ-LP imitators throughout the country filing applications to move to Channel 6, so that they can run "FM Radio" in the aural channel and waste the remaining 5.8 MHz.
 
Re: It's not just a river in Egypt, is it?

For this venture to be successful, you have to get HD radios into the hands of consumers. Right now, they're too expensive, or bulky, or ugly (or all 3) and still not that easy to find. Most people (unlike us) don't give a second thought to radio. If HD is on their car stereo or their new radio, they'll use it and think its cool. But, the trouble is, it is not.

Search the internet and see how many "Walkman" sized radios are in HD. Um, none. The few portables that are out there are portly and cost double of a more attractive analog portable. People aren't going to pay double for an HD radio! They don't recognize the value in that. If you want it to work, it's simple:

1) Drop the price;
2) Miniaturize the receivers - they need to be comparable to what people are used to;
3) Improve the reception quality;
4) Improve the sound quality on FM (make it worthwhile - don't compress so much);
5) Lose the nighttime AM HD - it makes no sense...it's radio's answer to mutually assured destruction;
6) Add more compelling programming to add value to the system (Sirius has Howard Stern, what's HD got?); and,
7) Get HD radios into new cars....ALL new cars, not just BMWs and a few dozen Fords. Give the damn HD chip for free - as a teaser, just get them out there. Once people fall for the technology, they'll buy radios for home and personal use.

As it stands now, few are willing to spend as little as an extra $10 on this. The various ad campaigns have fallen like that tree in the forest that no one hears. I really don't care how many billions of dollars are being invested, it's not being done right. It is being run in the typical style of radio execs who spent college smoking grass, managing to simultaneously lower their IQs and sperm counts below 100 (and not accomplishing much else), and who now think that they know "the business" oh so well. The "yes men" who want to become them all nod in agreement and nothing is accomplished. I swear, that's how poorly this is being executed - on the marketing side.

Right now, the public is not clamoring for this technology. It's not like FM in 1960 or FM stereo in 1967. They aren't talking about it and they are not interested in it. No one is talking about it aside from us geeks here on boards. Quite unlike HDTV, I might add. Hey, maybe people DO need to be fired for squandering that money. But it is clear to all but the most stubborn among us that this technology is not taking off. If you want to change that, my suggestion is to start by doing as above.

Otherwise, all you're doing is annoying John Q. Public by offering substandard analog sound quality. And, oh yeah, wasting hundreds of millions of dollars.
 
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