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Reasons for stations switching affiliations

C

chris12

Guest
I was wondering what were some of the reasons some network stations switched affiliations over the years. I know about the whole Fox/New World deal in 1994 but in cases like Rockford with WTVO 17 and WREX doing the NBC/ABC switch in 1995 or the WXIA/WSB NBC/ABC switch in Atlanta in 1980, what were some of the resaons behind those?
 
Look to ABC in the 70's

ABC had put together a formidable prime-time schedule by 1970. A lot of station owners, chain and local, were looking seriously at moving to ABC. The main drawback was a weak presence in network news.

Six years later ABC is the #1 network for the first time. Once that happened stations wanted to join ABC. The big switches came in the Carter years of 1977 to 1981:

Huntsville -- WAFF-48 to WAAY-31 (the latter had been ABC until '68)
San Diego -- KCST-39 to KGTV-10
Jacksonville -- WJKS-17 to WTLV-12 (switched back in '88)
Atlanta -- WXIA-11 to WSB-2
Savannah -- WJCL-22 to WSAV-3 (switched back around '88)
Indianapolis -- WTHR-13 to WRTV-6
Baton Rouge -- WRBT-33 to WBRZ-2
Minneapolis/St. Paul -- KMSP-9 to KSTP-5
Columbia/Jefferson City -- KCBJ-17 to KOMU-8 (switched back around '88)
Albany NY -- WAST-13 to WTEN-10
Charlotte -- WCCB-18 to WSOC-9
Fargo/Grand Forks -- KTHI-11 to WDAY-6/WDAZ-8
Providence -- WTEV-6 to WPRI-12 (switched back in '95)
Sioux Falls -- KORN-5 to KSFY-11/KABY-9/KPRY-4 (from 1 station to statewide network)
Knoxville -- WTVK-26 to WATE-6
Lufkin/Nacogdoches -- KTRE-9 from NBC primary to ABC primary (1-station market)
McAllen/Brownsville -- KRGV-5 from NBC primary to ABC primary (2-station market)
Tyler/Longview -- KLTV-7 from NBC primary to ABC primary (1-station market)
Milwaukee -- WITI-6 to WISN-12 (WITI wanted to go CBS)

By coincidence NBC was falling into 3rd place, which prompted some of its affiliates to go ABC or CBS.
 
In Baltimore until the Fall of 1981 it was WMAR-2 ( CBS ), WBAL-11 ( NBC ) and WJZ-13
( ABC ). Then WMAR and WBAL switched networks with NBC going to WMAR and CBS to WBAL. The reason for this was due to the Baltimore Orioles baseball team. WMAR was the Oriole station and they carried every single game during the regular season. Of course when WMAR aired the Orioles they had to pre-empt CBS. CBS wasn't happy about this and decided to take their business to WBAL. NBC went to WMAR.

Come 1995 when all three switched this time with ABC going to WMAR, NBC back to WBAL, and CBS to WJZ. In this case EW Scripps, owner of WMAR made a deal with ABC while Westhinghouse ( WJZ ) made their own deal with CBS which resulted in all three switching networks.
 
When Westinghouse acquired CBS, Group W stations which were not CBS affiliates already switched to CBS (setting off a series of switches in those markets). Baltimore (cited above) was one instance.
 
How about if a station owner has a show on one network but his station is an affiliate of another network? That happened in Phoenix in 1955. I don't know exactly how much is the truth and how much is urban legend, but it's been repeated around here for decades.

KOOL-TV 10 (now KSAZ-TV) was partially owned by Gene Autry at the time. He had a show on CBS, which was on KPHO-TV 5, but KOOL was a part-time ABC affiliate (split with KPHO, IIRC).

When KTVK Ch. 3 came on the air on 3/1/55, they took ABC fulltime and KOOL was able to snag CBS away from KPHO so Autry was able to put his show on his own station. From what I understand, this wasn't exactly unexpected and CBS had been unhappy with KPHO anyway. This left KPHO with what was left of Dumont (previously shared with KTYL) for a few months before that network went belly-up.

So the affiliations were:

February 28, 1955
KPHO-TV 5 (CBS, Dumont, ABC)
KOOL--TV 10 (ABC)
KTYL-TV 12 (NBC, Dumont)

March 1, 1955
KTVK 3 (ABC)
KPHO-TV 5 (Dumont)
KOOL-TV 10 (CBS)
KTYL-TV 12 (NBC)
 
This happened a long time ago. I'm not aware of anything like it more recently. And I don't there are any current television personalities who own network affiliated stations. From your description, it sounds like there were far more important factors at work than Autry and which network carried his show.

Notice that the major networks all have connections to program producers (Fox/Fox, Disney/Touchstone/ABC, Universal/NBC, Viacom/Paramount/CBS). All the major producers sell shows to different networks and all the networks buy shows from different producers. David Letterman's production company has sold a show to ABC. Money is more important than company loyalty.

KeithE4 said:
How about if a station owner has a show on one network but his station is an affiliate of another network? That happened in Phoenix in 1955. I don't know exactly how much is the truth and how much is urban legend, but it's been repeated around here for decades.

KOOL-TV 10 (now KSAZ-TV) was partially owned by Gene Autry at the time. He had a show on CBS, which was on KPHO-TV 5, but KOOL was a part-time ABC affiliate (split with KPHO, IIRC).

When KTVK Ch. 3 came on the air on 3/1/55, they took ABC fulltime and KOOL was able to snag CBS away from KPHO so Autry was able to put his show on his own station. From what I understand, this wasn't exactly unexpected and CBS had been unhappy with KPHO anyway. This left KPHO with what was left of Dumont (previously shared with KTYL) for a few months before that network went belly-up.
 
WHAS/11 Louisville switched from CBS to ABC
because of the Kentucky Derby. When ABC
got the Derby in 1975, the Derby people wanted
to keep it on then-CBS affiliate WHAS, because of
the weak signal of WLKY/32, ABC's Louisville affiliate
at the time. This practice lasted until the mid-'80s,
when ABC's new owners, Capital Cities, decided not
to feed the Derby to an affiliate of another network.
The problem now was that WHAS carried pre-race
festivities all day on the first Saturday in May, only
to have WLKY carrying the race itself. In 1990, it
looked like CBS might win back the rights to the race,
but ABC came up with a last-minute winning bid. Almost
immediately, WHAS announced it would switch to ABC,
with WLKY getting CBS. Now, however, NBC affiliate
WAVE/3 carries all the pre-race hoopla as well as the
race itself.

WLKY is another station that has no reason to regret
switching; it is number one in daytime and usually ranks
no worse than second in primetime.
 
The reason for the Cleveland switches in the mid fifties was that Storer Broadcasting had just bought WXEL-TV 8 from Herbert Mayer (soon to be WJW) and Storer wanted all their stations to be CBS..The changes and dates, ironically nearly the same dates as Phoenix.

March 1, 1955
WNBK 3 NBC
WEWS 5 CBS
WXEL 8 DuMont, ABC

March 2, 1955
WNBK 3 NBC
WEWS 5 ABC, DuMont (DuMont was pretty well done by this time anyway)
WXEL 8 CBS (They had been carrying some CBS afternoon soaps before this)

Another note: DuMont's Captain Video was carried Monday and Tuesday February 28-March 1, 1955 by both channel 5 and 8 at 5:00 PM..presumably to get the kiddies used to tuning 5 in the next day for the program..
 
Unless I missed it, no one mentioned Dayton. In the late seventies, WDTN and WKEF swapped placing ABC on VHF and NBC on UHF. What goes around comes around just in the last year or so and WDTN returned to NBC and WKEF became ABC.

Miami was a wild shift over the last fifteen years but a strange one in my neck of the woods, Evansville, Indiana.

Here is how the dial looked as 1995 started:

7-WTVW (ABC)
14-WFIE (NBC)
25-WEHT (CBS)
44-WEVV (Fox)

WEHT had approached ABC for the affiliation but the network preferred the VHF position. This changed when WTVW was purchased by a company who aligned their stations with Fox. So WTVW gave notice to ABC and Fox quickly announced they would leave WEVV. ABC found a home on WEHT. This left CBS without a home. Meanwhile, CBS approached WFIE, who had the number one news in town, but they chose to remain with NBC. This left CBS with no choice but WEVV.

So between the time of the announced change and the date of change, December 1st, viewers on Channel 25 and 44 saw a morphing of the network swap. Channel 7 dropped "Nightline" which immediately found a home on Channel 25 following "The Late Show with David Letterman". To accommodate this Channel 25 dropped "Tom Snyder" which landed on WEVV. WEHT dumped the midday network schedule with shows like "The Price Is Right" landing on WEVV. I don't remember WTVW picking up any Fox shows early but the logo went from the ABC circle "7" to a generic "7". WFIE began a campaign emphasizing consistency.

So here is how it looked December 1995
7-WTVW (Fox)
14-WFIE (NBC)
25-WEHT (ABC)
44-WEVV (CBS)

Everyone prospered from the move but WEVV. After an attempt at news in the mid nineties as a Fox affiliate they dropped local news six years ago.
 
I believe from what I've read about Memphis TV's early years WHBQ 13 started out as the CBS affiliate, but in 1956 when WREC 3 went on the air they picked up the CBS affiliation because their radio station was already with CBS as well. As a result WHBQ changed to ABC, which it stayed with until they were bought by Fox in 1994 as part of the New World deal. This caused WPTY 24 to change from Fox to ABC.
 
The reasons for the WSB/WXIA switch begin
with the fact that WSB, trying to hold on to
the number-one slot in Atlanta with a third-place
network (NBC), had pre-empted some 450 hours
of network programming in the 1979-80 season,
replacing them with movies and syndicated shows.
The result was a drain on the station's bottom line.
Secondly, NBC had a number of shows such as
"Little House On The Prairie," "Sheriff Lobo," and
"BJ And The Bear," which skewed older and rural,
but Atlanta was becoming younger and more urban.
Channel 2's management felt it was time to face
reality and go after this audience (which belonged
to ABC in other markets). Thirdly, ABC was growing
impatient with Channel 11. True, 11 Alive had cut
into WSB's (and WAGA's) numbers, but ABC was number
one in similar-size markets, such as Dallas/Ft. Worth,
and (the network felt) should have been number one
in Atlanta. Fred Barber, Channel 2's g.m. at the time,
said he would not have made the switch if the difference
in the two networks' numbers had been much closer.

Channel 11 g.m. Jeff Davidson considered it an insult;
he had worked overtime trying to pull 11's numbers up,
and he'd just spent two years on the ABC affiliates' board
(the second one as its president). But do not weep too
much. NBC and WXIA have a very solid relationship, and
ABC (as someone else noted) has one of its strongest
affiliates in WSB.

Another reason for switches is when a company wants
all of its stations with one network. In the '90s Burnham
Broadcasting switched its four stations to Fox: one from ABC
(WVUE New Orleans) and three from NBC (KHON Honolulu,
WALA Mobile, and WLUK Green Bay). WCIV Charleston, SC
moved from NBC to ABC, giving Allbritton all ABC affiliates.

Then there are cases like Scripps-Howard's moving WCPO
Cincinnati from CBS, WMAR Baltimore from NBC, and KNXV
Phoenix and WFTS Tampa/St. Petersburg from Fox, all to
ABC as part of a deal to keep WEWS and WXYZ in the
ABC fold. Meredith switched KPHO Phoenix from independent
to CBS to replace KSAZ, and WNEM Flint, MI from NBC to CBS.
 
Birmingham, Ala.: WBRC-6 flipped from CBS to ABC in March of 1961. Then WAPI-13 (now WVTM) went from NBC primary/ABC secondary to dual NBC/CBS primary affiliation, which it retained until 1970.

There are two theories:
1) in the 1991 bio of former ABC chair Leonard Goldenson, mention was made of a close relationship with Taft Broadcasting (which owned WBRC). Taft was said to have aligned all their stations with ABC in the process.

2) CBS' newscasts and documentaries were taking a very pro-Civil rights tone, at odds with those in the region who cherished, ummmm, "their way of life." There's no solid evidence that WBRC changed to ABC due to CBS' increasing civil rights coverage, but the overall environment of the time would suggest that if/when Taft made such a decision, channel 6 probably didn't raise a peep in opposition.

In the book The Race Beat by Gene Roberts and Hank Klibanoff, they say WBRC "dropped its CBS affiliation" in the wake of Howard K. Smith's documentary "Who Speaks for Birmingham?" which aired in May 1961.

Funny, I've seen a copy of the WBRC-TV affiliation contract with ABC, and it's effective March 1, 1961. Hmmmm.....

*********
It's been mentioned before, way back - probably before the big change/board split, but WBRC is the only station in the country that I know of which has been primary affiliates of all four major networks over its history. NBC (1949-53); CBS (1953-61); ABC (1961-95); Fox (1995-today).

However, the wacky Birmingham network scheme 1965-1970 is another issue entirely.

--Russell
 
I forgot what the reason was, but in South Indiana, WSJV 28 was an ABC affiliate until March 1995, when it decided to become a Fox affiliate. When that happened, WBND-LP, which was then on channel 58, took over the ABC programming, minus a local news program. Now the Fox station in South Bend is on a full market signal, while the ABC affiliate doesn't cover the entire market with their signal. People must have satellite or cable TV outside of that signal's radius. WSBT's digital channel 30-2 used to carry UPN programming, but Weigel Broadcasting has another low power TV station in South Bend, then WAAT-LP 69 was an independent, managed to snag the My Network programming, and the call letters were changed to WMYS-LP 69. I don't know if Schurz Broadcasting didn't want the new network, or Weigel outbidded them for it. Weigel managed to get the CW when WB & UPN merged. WMWB-LP 25 has the CW. So WSBT's digital channel 30-2 is now independent. So for the South Bend market, this is their lineup now:

WNDU 16 (NBC)
WSBT 22 (CBS)
WCWW-LP 25 (CW)
WSJV 28 (FOX)
WNIT 34 (PBS)
WHME 46 (WHT*)
WBND-LP 57** (ABC)
WMYS-LP 69 (MY Network TV)

*World Harvest Television, owned by LeSea Broadcasting of South Bend Indiana. Correct me if I'm worng on this one.
**WBND-LP was forced to change channels after WSJV was given 58 for digital broadcasting. They were given 57 in its place
 
ssetta said:
Hey, does anyone know the reasons why the switch in 1995 in Boston happened, and in Providence?

WBZ-TV 4 switched from NBC to CBS in early '95 when Westinghouse made a deal with CBS to affiliate all Group W-owned stations that weren't already CBS affiliates with that network. The two companies merged a year later.

CBS bought WPRI-TV 12 Providence in 1995, so it returned to CBS from ABC (it had been a CBS affiliate originally). It had to sell WPRI when the above-mentioned merger took place. CBS didn't keep the station very long.
 
Clarification on earlier posts

Taft Broadcasting owned at least 1 independent, WTAF-29 in Philadelphia. WTAF became a charter Fox affiliate as WTXF and is now a Fox O&O.

Memphis was not affected by the Fox-New World merger in 1994. WHBQ-13 became a Fox O&O around that time but was never owned by New World.

WBZ-TV moved to CBS on January 2, 1995.
 
I just remembered another company that wanted
all its stations with one network: Gateway Communications,
owners of WOWK/13 Charleston/Huntington, WV, switched
that station from ABC to CBS in 1988; Gateway's two other
stations, WTAJ/10 Johnstown/Altoona, PA and WBNG/12
Binghamton, NY, were already CBS affiliates.

The West Virginia-Kentucky-Ohio-Indiana region has
seen more than its share of switches:

WEST VIRGINIA:

Charleston/Huntington WCHS/8 CBS to ABC
WOWK/13 ABC to CBS

Bluefield/Beckley/Oak Hill WVSX/59 Fox to CBS

Weston/Clarksburg WBOY/12 NBC to ABC to NBC

Wheeling/Steubenville WTRF/7 NBC to CBS
WTOV/9 CBS to NBC

KENTUCKY:

Louisville WHAS/11 CBS to ABC
WLKY/32 ABC to CBS

Bowling Green WNKY/40 Fox to NBC

OHIO:

Cleveland WJW/8 CBS to Fox (became a Fox o&o)
WOIO/19 Fox(?) to CBS

Cincinnati WCPO/9 CBS to ABC
WKRC/12 ABC to CBS

Dayton WDTN/2 NBC to ABC to NBC
WKEF/22 ABC to NBC to ABC

Toledo WTVG/13 NBC to ABC (became an ABC o&o)
WNWO/24 ABC to NBC

INDIANA:

Indianapolis WRTV/6 NBC to ABC
WTHR/13 ABC to NBC

Evansville WTVW/7 ABC to Fox
WEHT/25 CBS to ABC
WEVV/44 Fox to CBS

South Bend WSJV/28 ABC to Fox

Terre Haute WBAK (call letters then)/38 ABC to Fox
 
bpatrick said:

Indianapolis/Bloomington
Primary affiliations only - not sure where Dumont or ABC fit into the Indy picture before WISH went on the air - both were probably split between WTTV and WFBM.
WTTV Ch. 4 (Prev. Ch. 10): NBC to CBS to ABC to Independent to UPN to WB to CW
WFBM/WRTV Ch. 6: CBS to NBC to ABC
WISH Ch. 8: ABC to CBS
WLWI/WTHR Ch. 13: ABC to NBC
WNDY Ch. 23: Independent to WB to UPN to MyTV
WPDS/WXIN Ch. 59: Independent to Fox
WIIB/WIPX Ch. 63: HSN to Pax/I

Muncie
WLBC/WIPB Ch. 49: CBS/ABC to NBC/ABC to PBS

Lafayette
WFAM/WLFI Ch. 18 (Prev. Ch. 59): CBS/NBC to CBS
 
bpatrick said:
Wheeling/Steubenville WTRF/7 NBC to CBS
WTOV/9 CBS to NBC

Both 7 and 9 had partial affiliations for years with ABC

OHIO:

Cleveland WJW/8 CBS to Fox (became a Fox o&o)

WOIO/19 Fox(?) to CBS

As mentioned earlier in the thread, 8 as WXEL was DuMont/ABC at first so it was actually DuMont/ABC to CBS to Fox

Also:WEWS/5 CBS to ABC/DuMont to ABC only

Dayton WDTN/2 NBC to ABC to NBC
WKEF/22 ABC to NBC to ABC

Also:WKTR/16 Kettering-Dayton was ABC for a time so you could say they were ABC/Ind./Off-Air/PBS..Though I'll admit this may be stretching the thread point a bit.
 
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