rbrucecarter5 said:
Shortwave, by law, can't be aimed at the US audience, but a lot of stations like the old WRNO got around that limitation.
Do do the bible-bangers, who (I think) are "officially" beaming towards Europe & Latin America, but also have those signals blanketing the U.S. Also, since most of them are outside the ITU- & FCC-allocated SW broadcast bands, maybe they're actually licensed as "Fixed Service" stations rather than as broadcasters. I'm not sure about that, though.
As far as WRNO goes, I think their towers were taken down in Hurricane Katrina and they're not back on the air yet. IIRC, they'd become just another religious station anyway.
I think the same thing that killed music on AM killed it on shortwave - audio quality on FM vs. AM. I almost never listen to shortwave, it seems to be used primarily for primarily rural third world type of situation where there are vast distances between the transmitter and isolated listeners. Not very entertaining if you don't speak English. Fortunately, the days of propaganda and jamming are long over, but shortwave is something of an anachronism and will be even more so as even third world nations become wired to the internet through satellite or cell phones. I just don't see it as a major player in the future.
Most, if not all, of the major international broadcasters stream and have for many years. The BBC shut down its World Service to North America and Australia/New Zealand about 5 years ago. The Voice of America still may do away with broadcasting in English entirely, although I don't think that's been decided.
Since the average shortwave program runs between 30 and 90 minutes in length, and is repeated throughout the day other than news updates, a stream works just fine for them, and without the ionosphere screwing things up.
I agree that shortwave broadcasting is an anachronism. In fact, in the next 10 years, I think the only folks that'll be using the frequencies between 1.8 and 30 MHz are hams, the military, international aircraft and maritime services (for backup in case of satellite failures), and maybe just a few broadcasters that will continue to hang on. I believe that in Latin America, Africa, and Asia, many of the 60, 90, and 120 meter broadcasters are signing off, or have already done so. They're just not necessary anymore.
This is 2008, not 1958. The ionosphere is a liability, not an asset, to today's technology. Since those frequencies have little or no monetary value, I can't see them being auctioned off like UHF-TV channels 52-69 are.