Thank you for listing this.
At first, I didn't realize that the fee only applies to the BBC. And that that there are other viewing options for free (i.e. ITV, Channel 4, and others). I have to agree with Bongwater, this is going to further push the BBC over the edge of oblivion.
The licence fee money goes to the BBC, but you need a licence to watch any TV channel "live". So if you watch ITV, Channel 4, Sky Sports, Red Hot XXX or any other TV broadcast channel, you have to have a licence, even if you never watch a second of BBC. That even applies if you only ever watch foreign TV - so immigrants who have a satellite dish and only watch Polish or Pakistani TV, or people who stream American TV, should all have a licence.
One of the problems is that the law was designed in the days when the only way to watch live TV was on a TV. It was never designed for modern media. Strictly speaking, you should have a licence if you watch any live stream on YouTube or Twitch, for instance, but was that ever the intention of the law? Is Twitch "TV" in the sense that it was meant when this was dreamed up? Who knows. You don't need a licence if you watch on-demand dramas on Amazon Prime Video, but the moment you stream a second of one of the live Premier League games they show, you do.
And does it count if you're watching live video on a smartphone in your house? What about on the beach, or on the train? Buildings, rather than people, are licensed - your house is what has the licence, not you. So again, it's a super murky area because the people who wrote the law couldn't dream of an era when you could watch live streaming video on the train to work.
The whole thing is a mess, and needs re-looking at, because it's just not suitable for today's media environment. I don't have the answer! I also don't currently have a licence - when I moved and went to move my licence, I looked at how much I was using the services for which a licence is required and realised it wasn't nearly enough to justify the cost. I now get endless letters from TV Licensing threatening me with an inspection. (I don't watch live British TV without a licence, although I do occasionally watch YouTube live streams, so strictly speaking I'm an outlaw.)