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The Return of 1978?

The last post in the Sunny 105.9 string got me thinking about the massive of exodus of music lovers from AM to FM. It got me also to think about business practices both then and today. As a student of history, I believe in learning from it. History doesn’t always repeat itself but the radio environment of today does have similarities to 1978.

That year saw the single release of “FM” by one of my all time favorite bands – Steely Dan. The line in the song “No Static At All” very cleverly summed up the public’s open-armed embrace of FM. Ordinarily, I probably wouldn’t have related to that song but in ’78 I moved to South Florida. There I experienced all that Cuban interference and night time directional patterns and reduction in power. As much as an AM Top 40 junkie as I was, I couldn’t tolerate the sound, so off I went to FM and AM would be a soundtrack only played in my mind.

One could say back then that even though FM was around awhile, it was still considered a new technology in the minds of most listeners. Today, there are new technology alternatives that come from lots of different sources. Peer pressure and the need to be accepted especially among young people may actually bring to reality the real danger for radio stations whose listeners are narrow in age span.

I was the short, skinny, totally non-athletic kid who didn’t have lots of friends and often I was chosen last in gym class for whatever sports things we were doing. One day when I had use of the family car, I was like the big guy on campus when I picked up friends to head out somewhere. My dad’s car only had AM and I was made to feel like I was the un- coolest guy on Earth. With my reputation at stake and to hold on to the very few friends I had, I got one of those FM adapter things for the car. But in the privacy of my room, I listened to what I preferred.

In the near future, I can just imagine some young insecure kid whose friends rip him for listening to the radio and not – fill in the blank – for whatever internet alternative or whatever is available in the car that the young set views as too cool to be without. What may look good on paper and for billing today may prove risky for the long haul.

When FM was on the rise in the 70s, do you remember how AM dealt with increased competition? Similar to today, many only were concerned with today’s targets and not tomorrow’s challenges. AM Top 40 didn’t innovate. They held on to their singles like they were precious gold - little creativity - and the talent still acted like all the teens in town were listening. It was a recipe for disaster. Their audience left them but they were in denial as I see so many radio execs today.

In time, every swingin’ d**k on AM it seemed flipped to talk, news or sports. The thinking was music sounded better in stereo so AM would be talk. OK, but with so many doing it there were going to be losers Today AM is practically a vast waste land. Too many doing the same format = little choice for listeners = they go elsewhere when the opportunity presesents itself. Does that sound familiar? Today, a new generation sees FM as the future home for all talk, news and sports and the other hot button - country. It would be laughable if it wasn’t so serious.
Even in the 70s, the AM Top 40 stations who lasted the longest were the ones who may not have been the coolest but they were built on coalitions of audience representing true mass appeal radio. When the teens left them in droves, there were still sufficient numbers of other demos to sustain them.

When I was in South Florida, the FM station I gravitated to was Y-100 under the brilliant leadership of Bill Tanner. Truly, this was probably the last time the power of mass-appeal flexed its muscles. Despite incredible competition from all fronts, the station dominated because they had such a massive audience and if one target was vulnerable, there were many others that kept the ship afloat. In the end, there is no substitute for hard work and being responsive to the uniqueness of the market.

As I continue to think of our town and I look at the latest trends, everything I have said of the ratings has turned out to be true. I’m sure there’s a lot of the decision makers in our town who are proud of their accomplishments. But as I think about South Florida and how quickly things can change, I can recall a legendary DJ by the name of Rick Shaw. Throughout the 60s he had double-digit shares and in fact in the mid 60s he had over a 50 share! That went down to meager numbers under a 5 and the teens who grew up with him cast loyalty aside and went with something much cooler.

There are a number of stations in our market who I believe are doing the right thing to meet challenge head on because they have coalitions of audience and I strongly believe that will make a big difference for the long run. In particular WEJZ and WQIK have what it takes to really last. I can’t help but laugh when I hear the TV commercials for one station in town that keeps emphasizing the 50 minutes of music an hour. They just don’t get it. To an average listener, that equates to 10 minutes of commercials and considering alternatives play 0 minutes of spots, that’s really yesterday’s news and there is little relevance.

Does radio have the capacity to learn from the past? I can only hope so but just like the AM Top 40 suits conducted themselves as if they were in a time where they dominated, reality didn’t sink in until it was too late. Let’s hope history isn’t about to repeat itself.
 
JohnJax said:
When I was in South Florida, the FM station I gravitated to was Y-100 under the brilliant leadership of Bill Tanner. Truly, this was probably the last time the power of mass-appeal flexed its muscles. Despite incredible competition from all fronts, the station dominated because they had such a massive audience and if one target was vulnerable, there were many others that kept the ship afloat. In the end, there is no substitute for hard work and being responsive to the uniqueness of the market.

Y-100 in 1978 had a stable of talent, too...all very relatable to South Florida. The station sounded like nothing else I'd ever heard: I was expecting
booming boss jocks, and instead got talked to by Tanner...Earl The Pearl...The Y-onic Woman (it was 1978)...Kramer...you see the pattern.
It was unique...it was fun. What I took from listening to Y-100 in 1978 was this..."real people having fun on the radio".
Incredibly difficult to keep going...incredibly successful when you do. Just that simple...just that complicated.
Never met Tanner...or anyone involved. Just impressed me that much.
 
Chris ~ another example of "real radio" that people remember for years. Now in 2010, exactly how many radio stations will people even remember in a decade. Weren't you at 92Q then? I think that's the year I interviewed McCoy for my high school newspaper and the rest is uh....a disaster...:)

I guess YOU could call it old school 'fireworks' radio vs. a dud.
 
Thank you Tibbs and Romer for commenting. I couldn't help but notice an article that R.I. featured titled " Radio's Behavior is Suicidal." The article gets into laying off talent and being less local as a big issue. Between the lines in this string, I implied that as well but I've said enough about that subject in other posts to write a book.

While I realize this is a North Florida board, bringing up a Y-100 of the day does have merit. Romer, you nailed it when you talked about Y-100 being unique. It's something that lacks in radio today because content is too controlled in virtually every format among virtually all the players - cookie cutter rules. It makes for boring radio. No one is expecting every element of 1978 or even the early 80s to return. But unlike the way it was back then, remember listeners moved from Station A on AM to Station B or Station B, C, D on FM. Overall, radio wasn't shrinking - the AM band was.

Alternatives and competition is the nature of the business. But thinking about radio today as being like AM band back then, many never went back because there wasn't anything to go back to. AM lost relevance to listeners and too many were doing the same thing. Not good but the quick fix, the least effort, the quickest buck potential overode good judgment back then and we are seeing the same thing today. No one seems to look beyond the end of the month.

The jocks on Y-100 were real - no screamers and they were very relatable. The music in itself was very unique, especially as the station evolved further into the 80s. The station often did not mirror the Billboard Top 40 and that's why I loved them. Bill Tanner had a lot of guts to select the songs he did, he could have played it way safer but he after all was "the lovely and talented." What's important to remember is Y-100 at the time was owned by a small company. They gave Bill Tanner the flexibility to do his thing and what a masterpiece he created for us that still gets me fondly remembering that time all these decades later.

Radio needs to return to it's roots. It will help seperate them from everything else and some new thinking is in order. As I think of that Steely Dan song, imagine if they seize the moment once again with a follow up song - "No Commercials at All." Radio can't compete with that nor should they but you have operators who are in a time warp. There is virtual uninversal agreeement on these baords and expressed by those in the industry that simply radio is boring. How that is supposed to compete with new and exciting alternatives, someone better explain the strategy 'cause I just don't get it.
 
Tibbs2 said:
Chris ~ another example of "real radio" that people remember for years. Now in 2010, exactly how many radio stations will people even remember in a decade. Weren't you at 92Q then? I think that's the year I interviewed McCoy for my high school newspaper and the rest is uh....a disaster...:)

I guess YOU could call it old school 'fireworks' radio vs. a dud.

yep...I was at 92Q then...with MGL. McCoy was hired in August of 1978 and the station went live...dropping the automated
oldies for an adult CHR approach. This was also when 92Q moved into the 810 Division Street location with WMAK...which was moved
onto the automation with a black/disco format programmed by Barry Mayo (now with Radio One). Guess who handled the automation? Me.
As for the 'fireworks' on the other board...tis a mystery to me why she dislikes me so much...I'm so charming! ;D
 
When FM was on the rise in the 70s, do you remember how AM dealt with increased competition? Similar to today, many only were concerned with today’s targets and not tomorrow’s challenges. AM Top 40 didn’t innovate. In time, every swingin’ d**k on AM it seemed flipped to talk, news or sports. The thinking was music sounded better in stereo so AM would be talk. OK, but with so many doing it there were going to be losers Today AM is practically a vast waste land. Too many doing the same format = little choice for listeners = they go elsewhere when the opportunity presesents itself. Does that sound familiar?

Yes, AM Top 40 did some pretty cheesy things in its waning days... like speeding up songs to 48 RPM. But not every AMer lacked creativity. I think Jacksonville had a fellow called "Uncle Greasy" on 690 who was doing something that would set the mold... for FM radio shock jocks in the next decade.

But NO AM Top 40 station survived past 1989. Like dinosaurs, they all died. Nothing could have prevented the death of AM Music radio once FM caught on. My conclusion is quite the opposite of yours: Most AM stations waited TOO LONG to go to news, talk or sports. Instead of going where they knew the future would be, they wasted time with country or nostalgia formats. By the time the last stragglers tried to move into talk, the one station that took the early plunge had become dominant. If they had moved earlier, the AM band in most cities might have several successful talkers -- and several different types of talk radio, rather than today's standard-issue conservative talk, sports and maybe a brokered station or two.
 
I don’t remember a lot of the details of this anymore. I think it was around the time when AM saw a lot of their audience evaporate, but there was talk of AM stereo. Obviously, that never went anywhere. I often wonder if it did, would that have been enough for some stations on the band to continue to offer music? The AM band would have had at least the appearance of having some variety to it – maybe that would have helped, maybe not – we’ll never really know. But I wouldn’t think broadcasting in stereo would have changed nighttime directional patterns and interference - maybe that's why it didn't take off.

I’m not sure if this is something that actually happened but I seem to remember that a person would need 2 radios to get AM stereo. Didn’t it go something like one radio needed to be tuned a little to the left of the frequency and the other a little to the right? Again, I’m not sure if this really happened but for some reason, that comes to mind. The point is, it was too much of a bother for a listener and it came too late.

I still say there is a danger of too much of any one thing. It’s been that way in radio for as long as I can remember but there were some moments where a lot of variety did exist. In the early days of rock ‘n roll, many markets saw 4-5 stations running with the format as it seemed like a win-win. Not everyone can be a winner. There will always be those who do it better and really there's only so much advertising to go around for certain formats. By the late 60s, most of those stations were gone and there was usually 1 or 2 who stood the test of time.

In the early days of FM, I remember so many beautiful music stations. I have no idea why that was - more of too much of the same thing. Then it seemed so many flipped to rock that offered a lot of obscure music featuring jocks who usually sounded stoned. In the time I speak – the late 70s – FM seemed to go into the hands of people who really understood its potential. We not only had CHR, but there was jazz, oldies, AC, still some beautiful music, classic rock, new rock and perhaps even a country station.

The fact is AM offered very little in terms of choices – forget signals and people needing to be cool for a moment. If all things were equal, listeners found there was more for them to enjoy on FM. Maybe that was the good side of what would become a lot of fragmentation.

The other day I caught a replay interview of a very famous NYC jock who admitted to never listening to radio anymore. He described it as so much of it sounding the same. He pictured some guy who works south of the Mason-Dixon line who is not part of a Union working for peanuts doing the voice tracking on lots of stations heard around the country. Maybe there’s some truth to that. What may be saved in one balance sheet column can’t make up for the real loss nobody really measures. My friends, I don’t believe this is how radio should compete.

Not only do I love history, but I love observing people’s behavior. I’ve always been a strong marketing and statistical kind of guy. Out of habit on Wednesday night’s when they discount the price of the hot bar, I stop by a place called Native Sun on Baymeadows/9A. Playing in the background is Sirius/XM. Sometimes it’s the 60s, 70s, 80s, classic tracks or even disco. Most of the cashiers are in their 20s and they get into all of it. I can interview people without their ever knowing it and I get a lot of insight which makes me make the cases I have been doing for years. I really do believe more people would share more of their listening with terrestrial radio along with the alternatives if there was more for them to choose.

The challenge before those who run things is to recognize billing as they should as a goal but also to “break what is not broken.” That comment in that other post really got me thinking a lot. I still see so many parallels to the precarious position FM is today with lots of new and exciting choices available to people just as it was back in the day for AM when FM forged into new territory too.

When I look at our market, I continue to see so much lost opportunity and sowing the seeds of another mass exodus where listeners will go where they feel satisfied. I really don’t understand a lot of the logic behind a lot of decisions. I’ve conceded many of my own principles over the years for the health of radio and because I wanted to believe that those in charge knew a lot more than I will ever know. But I’m tired of compromising and accepting things as they are. “Break what is not broken?” Dear Lord, there is so much about radio that is broken that needs to be fixed.
 
Hey John...re: AM stereo...the real downfall was the failure of the FCC to approve just one system of doing it.
Harris/Magnavox/Motorola had one system...while Kahn-Hazeltine had another...so stations had to make a choice as to
which system to transmit. I'm looking at my old SONY portable (SRF-A100) that would decode both modes automatically...
it sounded great with headphones...it was especially cool to DX stations such as WLS in stereo. The Kahn group held up the FCC
approval with multiple lawsuits (others, too I presume...don't want to single them out)...and AM stereo just never got established.
I know that Chrysler was pretty aggressive about offering AM stereo radio in their vehicles at he time, too...

I don't believe there are any AM stereo broadcasters left: no reason to. I'm gonna Google AM stereo radios for sale,
and see what I can find.
 
JohnJax said:
I’m not sure if this is something that actually happened but I seem to remember that a person would need 2 radios to get AM stereo. Didn’t it go something like one radio needed to be tuned a little to the left of the frequency and the other a little to the right? Again, I’m not sure if this really happened but for some reason, that comes to mind. The point is, it was too much of a bother for a listener and it came too late.

one final post...I found a link that 'splains it pretty well
http://users.hfx.eastlink.ca/~amstereo/amstereo.htm
 
romer979fm said:
Hey John...re: AM stereo...the real downfall was the failure of the FCC to approve just one system of doing it.
Harris/Magnavox/Motorola had one system...while Kahn-Hazeltine had another...so stations had to make a choice as to
which system to transmit. I'm looking at my old SONY portable (SRF-A100) that would decode both modes automatically...
it sounded great with headphones...it was especially cool to DX stations such as WLS in stereo. The Kahn group held up the FCC
approval with multiple lawsuits (others, too I presume...don't want to single them out)...and AM stereo just never got established.
I know that Chrysler was pretty aggressive about offering AM stereo radio in their vehicles at he time, too...

I don't believe there are any AM stereo broadcasters left: no reason to. I'm gonna Google AM stereo radios for sale,
and see what I can find.
There are ~90 stations in the U.S. doing A.M. stereo & another 67 worldwide. Try www.amstereoradio.com & look @ the station list. WKLN/WSOS was stereo at least twice & sounded good.

73,
Jay, N1WVQ/V31VQ/WQBI410
 
Sometimes I feel like a kid in a candy store where the treats are the radio facts and all I want to do is take it all in. I just assumed AM stereo never went anywhere so it's good to know the facts.

And what a little gem in WNMB. Thank you so much for sharing that - my list of stations keep growing. To me, it just shows there are pockets of what I call community radio where the ownership recognizes they can go down a different road and attract listeners whose only crime is their birth dates have gone past some tipping point. Anyway, I can do all that talk the talk and walk the walk stuff, but in the end the kind of music we grew up with we just don't outgrow.

On a personal note, it's good to see our board is getting noticed and getting those occasional hot topic mentions. Even if it takes participation by those outside our community, it sure beats talking to oneself. Thanks everyone for making my day. :)
 
JohnJax said:
I just assumed AM stereo never went anywhere so it's good to know the facts.

Agreed...I'm very glad I was proved wrong when I stated "I don't think any AM stereo stations exist".
To quote Maxwell Smart: "missed it by that much".

excellent thread
 
Another thing to consider when comparing today’s FM music stations to the glory days of AM music radio is Wall Street.

I never really thought of radio as a business when I was growing up. To me it was just a place to hear your favorite songs and DJs. While most of my family was blue collar workers who lived paycheck to paycheck, I had an Uncle who became a financial success. He knew I was a big WABC fan and he showed me one of those financial reports from the American Broadcasting Company – in which he became an investor.

Like yesterday, I remember reading about their “American Contemporary Radio” division where stations like WABC and many of their flagship CHR stations across the country were making very big bucks. In fact, it was many years later that I learned if ABC didn’t have radio, they would have gone down the tubes because their TV ratings were poor and it was a financial drain on the company.

In the early 70s, I remember seeing an article in the New York Times that talked about WABC being one of the most profitable businesses in the country and why investors were pleased with them as part of the ABC family. In 1972 I had to write a report for a college course about successful business. Well, I chose WABC and the good news for me is they agreed to an interview. I would visit the station just one more time.

I met with someone from the sales team and part of the conversation had to do with how they destroyed all their competitors – all on AM. When I brought up the growing FM challenges (I was checking out oldies back then as it was different etc.) I can still recall his response as his hand made a dismissive gesture – “FM is small potatoes.”

I have no way of really knowing if this was the truth but it’s something I have suspected. Big AM Top 40 stations had amassed such a huge audience and they became such a big financial bonanza that the spotlight was on them to keep delivering and exceeding expectations. With that pressure, I believe the focus shifted from the listener to the investors. AM was engaged in what I termed “corporate rock.”

To me, it seemed radio was loosing that spontaneity – it sounded so controlled and and there were far few newer releases coming out on those famous “music survey days.” It started to get boring. Does this sound similar to today? We had Terry Jacks, Paper Lace & Bo Donaldson & The Heywoods playing in power rotation on AM but FM was going deeper into genres of music, taking chances just as AM did when they were forging into new territory and as a listener, I was beginning to feel more valued on FM.. As was usually the case, many of the CHR stations at the time broadcast their Top 100 year end specials. It became clear to me who was making the right decisions for the long haul.

My sister was actually in the business in the late 70s to mid 80s. She was an engineer at a couple of stations in NYC – one was their public non commercial station. In 1981, I came up from Florida for one of my family visits. She knew one of the engineers at ABC and decided to surprise me with a visit to the station.

This time the magic was gone. The first time I used the term “creeping death” to describe radio it was in the case of WABC 1981. I thought to myself – look at how things can change so rapidly in radio. Just 9 years earlier, WABC was the most listened to station in the nation and it seemed they would be around forever. One year later, the music died on WABC.

Maybe for AM Top 40, the inevitable was destined to happen no matter what. But today as I look at radio stocks and how Wall Street appears pleased with performance, anyone making the case to change the current course would probably be met with skepticism. This is why it's so challenging to get even 1 person of influence to think beyond the month end.

I don’t have a crystal ball but I see so many similarities to AM of the 70s to the environment of today. Many investors made a lot of money on radio but as many financial brochures will say “future earnings are not necessarily based on past performance.” Seriously, think about that.
 
Maybe it's just my old journalism hat I wore many moons ago but I am a stickler for accuracy when I write. With all my flashbacks I gave my much younger sibling a call. She was actually a board op. Her ambition was to be a chief engineer somewhere but according to her - lots of politics was involved - and it was tough getting that gig. Maybe that hasn't changed much over the years either.
 
Somewhere I have an aircheck of WSOS 1170 AM doing oldies in AM Stereo. Recorded from a Sony SRF-A1 into the line-in of a Sony Minidisc Recorder.

AM Top 40
Palm Coast, FL
 
romer979fm said:
Hey John...re: AM stereo...the real downfall was the failure of the FCC to approve just one system of doing it.
Harris/Magnavox/Motorola had one system...while Kahn-Hazeltine had another...so stations had to make a choice as to
which system to transmit. I'm looking at my old SONY portable (SRF-A100) that would decode both modes automatically...
it sounded great with headphones...it was especially cool to DX stations such as WLS in stereo. The Kahn group held up the FCC
approval with multiple lawsuits (others, too I presume...don't want to single them out)...and AM stereo just never got established.
I know that Chrysler was pretty aggressive about offering AM stereo radio in their vehicles at he time, too...

I don't believe there are any AM stereo broadcasters left: no reason to. I'm gonna Google AM stereo radios for sale,
and see what I can find.


The AM stereo marketplace question, I have always believed was a red herring and an intellectual dead end. For those that don't recall, the FCC did initially pick a standard. It was Magnavox, but the broadcaster's hated the system, so the FCC threw up their hands and let us decide. It didn't take long before Motorola owned the AM stereo market, BUT and this is the real crux, AM stereo suffered from the same low fidelity and background noise as FM, just in two channels instead of one. Then NRSC came along and mandated 10kHz maximum bandwidth, so there was no longer any chance to build a hi-fi AM radio set. Why would anyone listen to that? I wouldn't, and I had AM stereo in my 1986 GM car. Two AM stations in our group were stereo. One did Z-rock and the other did oldies. Despite pretty big investments in AM stereo Optimods, they really still sounded like garbage. No competition for FM. Maybe if the system had come around in the 1960s, AM could have held its audience just a little longer, but the fidelity issue would still have led to the demise of AM.

The salvation for local radio today is just that: localism. If you're plugged into your community, you will have listeners because you bring content that's not available on an ipod. I suspect that's partly why satellite radio has never gained a serious foothold, too.
 
AM Top 40 said:
Somewhere I have an aircheck of WSOS 1170 AM doing oldies in AM Stereo. Recorded from a Sony SRF-A1 into the line-in of a Sony Minidisc Recorder.

AM Top 40
Palm Coast, FL
I have one that I recorded onto a cassette in April 2005. Alan Alsobrook did a good job with them. Are they still Spanish & signing on @ 10:53A.M.?

73,
Jay, N1WVQ/V31VQ/WQBI410
 
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