Some years ago there was an article in one of the radio hobby books (Popular Communications, IIRC) about someone who had a very well-built 5,000 watt transmitter operating a little above 1600 kHz at an undisclosed location somewhere in Central NY--the article implied, but didn't come right out and say, that it was in the general Utica-Rome area, maybe even on the reservation near Turning Stone where the FCC might not be welcome to snoop around. Maybe this is it, fired up once again after a long hibernation.
Back in 1990 that part of the band hadn't yet been fully opened up to AM broadcasting, though it was on its way and radios were being built including it. There was lots of pirate activity up there. Could be, pirate radio is making a comeback between 1610 and 1700, since each channel on the band still has very few legitimate stations to fight. .
Or this could actually be a legal station. Doubtful, though, since the FCC database doesn't show a CP, license or even an application for anything between 1610 and 1700 kHz within 100 mjiles of Syracuse in any direction. If it isn't a more distant legal signal (either Pennsylvania, Ontario or Quebec) it's a pirate.