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FCC Seeks To End Simulcasts

That's always the question. Better music in the context of commercial radio airplay is the music that will attract a mass audience. It doesn't have to be technically better, or even in tune. It can be dogs barking jingle bells. If it attracts a mass audience, it's better than music that doesn't. The Coalition would love to find a way to require commercial radio stations to play non-commercial music and also make them pay more royalties. This won't do it.

As usual, some of the more disgruntled listeners (the "outliers", as our friend David E. calls them) seem to define "better music" as "playing the deeper, more obscure songs that I like instead of the same songs over and over", oblivious to the reality that we as actual broadcasters and programmers have to live with. In order for a station to survive it needs ad revenue and that means (generally) being as mass appeal within a predefined demographic. It's why you will see the term "consensus favorites" used a lot to explain why stations play those same 400 songs over and over; the average listener expects to hear some of their favorites -- but not all of them -- when they tune in. And as David E. will tell you, those same average listeners define the deep tracks that the outliers think we should play as "not one of my favorites".

Bottom line: While this rule may well result in a few "programming divorces" I am far from certain that this will have any kind of major effect anywhere, and it certainly won't result in "outlier-friendly better favorites" -oriented formats cropping up.
 
As usual, some of the more disgruntled listeners (the "outliers", as our friend David E. calls them) seem to define "better music" as "playing the deeper, more obscure songs that I like instead of the same songs over and over"

When I'm on my own time, I'm one of those outliers. I always have been. My problem with other outliers is they want to hear their music on free radio rather than subscribe to a pay music service. The music organizations we've talked about in this thread, Music First and the Fairness in Music Coalition assume that real music lovers want their favorite artists to make more money, and the way to do that today is with streaming. As I always say: Radio is the free sample. We play the music that will cause the real music lovers to dig deeper in the catalogue. That's how music lovers can best support their favorite artists and music.
 
I think philosophically, this goes to a deeper debate on culture and influences. Look at "influencers" now. Look at DJs, in the days when some of them did have choice or a niche, or championed specific artists and songs, or music directors who listened and found hits. What I think a lot of people are nostalgic for (and sometimes this is more perception than anything) is the era when there were more exceptions and individual chances taken within radio itself. And in a certain era, and to this day in some niches, especially non-comm, still holds true, what radio chose to expose could impact culture or make a career. Because you can't make people like something, but as Steve Jobs said, sometimes people don't know what they like until you expose it to them. A lot of my taste was shaped by unique stations and personalities, who lived the music.

That's why I got into Americana and roots influenced music, because as a young radio nerd I thought the brand of KPIG in Freedom, California, was interesting and got tapes from a personality of theirs who hung out in an AOL Radio Pros chat, hearing stuff like Greg Brown, Chris Isaak, Dar Williams, Lucinda Williams. I developed a taste for broad spectrum album and adult alternative because I heard the final 90 minutes of KSCA and a mix of music I'd never heard living in small towns, and the passion of their DJs. I'd never heard You Can't Always Get What You want or Dancing Barefoot, or Into the Mystic, or Something Fine by Jackson Browne, much less on one station, that wasn't the type of area I grew up in, it was all country and southern rock and AC CCM. And later, when I lived somewhere with a "modern rock" station that was fixated on Korn & Limp Bizkit, I discovered a real alternative on an independent commercial FM in a college town that would sometimes fade in, playing a mix that started in the morning with more Triple A stuff - Lunar Drive, James Iha, the Bottle Rockets, newer Stones, and as it moved through the day, would play stuff like Johnny Cash off American Recordings, Morcheeba, Tori Amos, Love and Rockets, Material Issue.. and late at night would dive into the electronic scene. So obviously, I get it. It meant something to me at the time, and having access to that did open my ears and broaden my tastes. If I'd never had that opportunity, in the pre-broadband and smartphone days, who knows?

There's a myriad of business and demographic reasons that changed. But it is true that there are fewer DJs, fewer music directors, less specialty and feature programming or events used to champion new or interesting music that may not be a "hit" yet, fewer independent owners that might deviate slightly from the norm. And I'm not arguing that it can go back that way. The internet happened. Genie's not going back in the bottle. And there's not much incentive in most cases to go back to doing it, and increasing costs. It exists mostly on non-commercial radio and a handful of independents. Also, I'm not saying it has to be "hipster" music, there are still CHR and Country programmers who are proactive, and champion things most of the stations in their format don't. I appreciate the effort.

But in fairness, I wouldn't say everyone who has that nostalgia is calling for freeform to return, or thinking it's a business plan to go wall to wall obscurity. I sense many of them are just missing the sense of independence or varied approaches they remember pre-consolidation and pre-internet (I leave it to others to decide if that's an accurate memory, or not. I think it is to some extent, but not always.)

Sure, there's always the musicologists who think if you just played Can and Wire and The Fall, the masses would be converted. Most of the ones here on this board, IMO, are more rational and just preferred what, inevitably, changed. The "free sample" to them, used to allow them to sample a bit more. And now they can gorge on everything (streaming) and may not know quite where to start.
 
When I'm on my own time, I'm one of those outliers. I always have been. My problem with other outliers is they want to hear their music on free radio rather than subscribe to a pay music service.

I'm with you there, A. I have something like 4,400 MP3s on one of those "plug & stay" low profile flash drives, and it's always plugged into my car's USB port. I figure that at least 15% of those are somewhat obscure songs that barely got any airplay even when they were currents, and somewhere around 50% -- probably a bit more -- are Oldies that don't qualify for airplay anymore.

As I tell people who complain that as a consultant/programmer I "should" be broadening my scope of music: My programming all-80's Classic Hits is largely driven by the mass appeal of that music, and that happens to still be my favorite decade musically, but there are a ton of songs that are personal favorites that I can't program.

In fact, I would venture to say that any of us who have been in radio for any appreciable length of time have a lot of songs that we liked but which stiffed at the time. I know that most of that 15% on my flash drive were ones that I played as currents.
 
That's what many listeners don't get about those of us in the business. We are doing a job. We make happen what our boss/owner wants. Naturally my boss/owner wants the largest audience in the age, sex and/or financial groups. They do not want anything that does not attract and please the largest number in the desired groups including air talent and all other programming elements as well as the music. When a station is voice-tracked and running 400 songs, you can bet it's what that audience wants. After all, it's our jobs on the line.

By the way, if I programmed a station the way I wanted, there would be an audience of 1, me. Much of my music is 'stiffs' or never became hits.
 
That's what many listeners don't get about those of us in the business. We are doing a job. We make happen what our boss/owner wants. Naturally my boss/owner wants the largest audience in the age, sex and/or financial groups. They do not want anything that does not attract and please the largest number in the desired groups including air talent and all other programming elements as well as the music.
In a day and age when advertising is targeted to very precise slices, aided by intrusive tracking technologies and advanced techniques for gaining insight into the data gathered by such tracking, the concept of "mass appeal" begins to appear obsolete. Radio can't compete with Facebook, Instagram, X, etc. for advertisers, because radio has a finite number of slices available where an audience can be matched with an advertiser interested in making pitches to them, while Internet-based technologies have (effectively) no such limits. Radio has to figure out where it can compete. It's a wrenching process.
 
Scranton/Wilkes-Barre has always been a tough market to cover on FM with a single stick. Even WMGS, WKRZ and WGGI have had simulcasts in the past. 'KRZ might even still have one. I understand the duplication rule used to prohibit the same programs airing within a 24 hour period. So, switching your morning and afternoon shows on two overlapping stations wouldn't be allowed. Having said that, I suspect, if the Power 94.9/101.9 simulcast were to become problematic for Cumulus, it could program the same format with different logs and, potentially, different imported talent and imaging. In the early days of duopoly, I can remember a handful of country stations providing their own competition, and I don't think the music and commercials were scrutinized so closely as to constitute duplication so long as the scheduling was unique.

I'll raise you Traverse City/Petoskey. That market is nearly impossible to cover on a single stick. It was even worse when the market was expanded for a few years to include Manistee, which was only gerrymandered into the market to boost 103.5 WTCM's shares (WTCM is the only Traverse City commercial stick to put even a 60dBU signal into Manistee) and gets better signals from the big Green Bay sticks than most of the "centrally located" sticks (96.3 WLXT, 98.9 WKLZ/WAWM, 105.1 WGFM, 105.9 WKHQ, 106.7 WKPK/WSRT).
 
I'm curious about how HD sub channels are treated with this new rule. For example; if I've got an FM with an HD-1/analog, and want to simulcast that same programming on another one of my FM's in the same market on an HD-2 or HD-3 with both stations having 100% overlap, does the Commission consider the ancillary (HD) channels within a simulcast?
I was wondering the same thing. WSB in Atlanta, broadcasts in 750AM, WSBB-FM, and WSRV-FM HD-3. Would they have to drop either WSBB-FM or WSRV-FM HD3? They would obviously drop the HD3 signal if they did.
 
I'm curious about how HD sub channels are treated with this new rule. For example; if I've got an FM with an HD-1/analog, and want to simulcast that same programming on another one of my FM's in the same market on an HD-2 or HD-3 with both stations having 100% overlap, does the Commission consider the ancillary (HD) channels within a simulcast?
I was wondering the same thing. WSB in Atlanta, broadcasts in 750AM, WSBB-FM, and WSRV-FM HD-3. Would they have to drop either WSBB-FM or WSRV-FM HD3? They would obviously drop the HD3 signal if they did.

It's about duplication in the same service. So the HD duplicates don't apply.
 
The FCC is looking to bring back the Duplication Rule, which had been repealed in 2020.


The repeal of this rule allowed stations to simulcast AM programming on FM, leading Audacy to simulcast its all-news AMs on FM signals in NY and LA. Most recently Cumulus has simulcast its talk station WBAP on FM.

The music industry supports the return of the Duplication Rule, noting the simulcasts have replaced music stations in several markets.

My view is that if this is approved, radio stations will either shut down or sell their AM stations. It will not lead to more local programming on AM, because there's no audience for it there.
Hope this doesnt sound far fetched but this makes sense to me the fcc is doing the same thing they did when trying to get am removed from new vehicles .... they know if the simulcast rule is changed most likely the big companies arent goint to keep them only on am and that would probably force their hand to sell the am stations because they alone arent going to generate enough revenue to be viable they are also doing this before the election because they know theres a good likelihood that trump will win and the majority of the simulcast stations are conservative talk formatted stations.... So its just another way of the fcc forcing their hand to eliminate them from the airwaves before trump is in office when they know he would probably not ever allow this to happen.
 
It's about duplication in the same service. So the HD duplicates don't apply.
FM HD is technically the same service. So, if you had two overlapping stations simulcasting the same programming on both station' HD-2s, then would it apply?
 
Again.

This is only about "same-service" simulcasting between one full-power FM and another. That's it. The rule change does not affect AM-FM simulcasts, FM-translator simulcasts, or HD subs.
 
Again.

This is only about "same-service" simulcasting between one full-power FM and another. That's it. The rule change does not affect AM-FM simulcasts, FM-translator simulcasts, or HD subs.
Got it, but wouldn't that apply to two FM full powers with overlapping contours carrying the same HD-2 programming?
 
Got it, but wouldn't that apply to two FM full powers with overlapping contours carrying the same HD-2 programming?
No. The rule change only affects the primary analog channel (and therefore HD1 as well).

And it's really a "solution" in search of a non-existent problem. The number of commercial FMs simulcasting on signals with 50% or greater 70 dBu overlap is miniscule.
 
And it's really a "solution" in search of a non-existent problem. The number of commercial FMs simulcasting on signals with 50% or greater 70 dBu overlap is miniscule.
I agree. There must be more pressing matters before the Commission involving traditional media than this.
 
That's what many listeners don't get about those of us in the business. We are doing a job. We make happen what our boss/owner wants. Naturally my boss/owner wants the largest audience in the age, sex and/or financial groups. They do not want anything that does not attract and please the largest number in the desired groups including air talent and all other programming elements as well as the music.
Mark Roberts responded: "In a day and age when advertising is targeted to very precise slices, aided by intrusive tracking technologies and advanced techniques for gaining insight into the data gathered by such tracking, the concept of "mass appeal" begins to appear obsolete. Radio can't compete with Facebook, Instagram, X, etc. for advertisers, because radio has a finite number of slices available where an audience can be matched with an advertiser interested in making pitches to them, while Internet-based technologies have (effectively) no such limits. Radio has to figure out where it can compete. It's a wrenching process."

My response: Not all advertising is based on precise slices. Many, is not most products and services have very broad appeal. Granted some products have specific audience targets but all are looking to expand their customer base.
 
No. The rule change only affects the primary analog channel (and therefore HD1 as well).

And it's really a "solution" in search of a non-existent problem. The number of commercial FMs simulcasting on signals with 50% or greater 70 dBu overlap is miniscule.
I agree with this. When we discussed this on Clearing the Static when it came out, neither of us could think of a station this would actually affect. My question is why doesn't this apply to NCE stations as well?
 
My question is why doesn't this apply to NCE stations as well?

Because this is a rule apparently designed to take away an unfair advantage for commercial broadcasters. NCEs aren't in it for the money (pledge weeks notwithstanding).
 
I still don't see the advantage in not having this apply to NCEs. I don't think K-Love is going to get anymore listeners on 94.1 and 94.9 combined in Memphis than they would having just 94.1. That 94.9 signal could go to someone else for a format not available in Memphis, and it wouldn't surprise me if that happens at some point.
 
I like to explain music selection to the restaurant business. If you're McDonald's you're going to have the same menu that customer base likes. The outlier wanting a broad playlist is akin to saying, McDonald's let's add spam burgers, baked bean burgers and taco burgers. We in radio hired to execute the McDonald's format is not going to venture down any path that is not proven to get customers in the door. To do something different just means people will stop coming in because they can't get what they expect. And while 1 might like the spam burger there's 9 that don't and the same might be true of the other choices. So if you were hired to run a McDonald's by the owner, would you revamp the menu or would you offer a menu of what the McDonald's customer base wants and expects? You choice likely means having a job or not.

The point is we might not care for the programming but we are not the target audience. A friend of mine and I were talking. We both don't care for rap and hip hop. He said if I got a construction permit and my research showed a rap format was what was needed, would I opt for rap. I said yes and I'd try to build the best rap station I could possibly be. You can't wear your personal preferences on your sleeve. Your job is to deliver listeners in ample quantity to be an attractive 'must buy' for advertisers
 
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