landtuna said:
Generally, these format descriptors are not used on the air... they are sales names only.
So some stations select one brand for sales and another on-air? Not only does that sound foolish but also hypocritical. Aren't the agencies smart enough to monitor their client stations to determine for themselves what the format is (or have a service do that for them as noted above)?
Here's a "classic" example... a station may call itself "oldies" on the air even though it has pretty much eliminated all traces of the 50's and 60's from the programming... and the oldies term fits if they market the brand well because "oldies" to most listeners means "hits from the past."
But to an ad agency, "oldies" means "don't buy that station." So the term "classic hits" was developed as a label for stations that played old CHR songs and which targeted, principally, 35-54, a very desirable sales demo.
The term Arbitron accepts for the Jack and Jack-like clone formats is "Adult Hits" but few of those stations use the descriptor on the air.
"Spanish Oldies" is another Arbitron descriptor, yet there is not even a word in Spanish that translates as "oldies." It's just a term ad agency time buyers and media department people can use to help view the kind of stations they are considering for a campaign.
Ad agencies don't have "client stations." Ad agencies are the "Client" for radio stations. And national and regional ad agencies often make buys that cover 50 to 100 markets, where they may buy 4 or 5 deep against the target demographic. Agencies know that the Arbitron format descriptors are fairly accurate, so that is enough data for them to go on.
In many cases, the format descriptor helps an agency determine which version of a client's campaign to run... some clients have specific creative for different formats, such as country or Urban or Hispanic. Or an agency may want to be sure that it selects a variety of formats, so running reach and frequency analysis along with the format listings may help optimize reach.