Nathan Obral said:
CBS was ordered to sell WCAU-TV in order to proceed with the Group W/CBS merger (which was essentially masquerading as an across-the-board affiliation agreement between CBS and Westinghouse). Since Group W was acting as the buyer, KYW-TV had priority.
TV duopolies weren't allowed in major markets just yet. I highly doubt that CBS wanted to part with WCAU-TV, but they had no choice. Likewise, NBC obviously didn't want to lose their O&Os in Denver and Salt Lake City to CBS - AND have their Miami O&O get demoted to a rimshot frequency - but they were ordered to in order to proceed with purchasing WCAU-TV.
No...no, they weren't. If there was ever a Justice Department (or FCC) order in that merger, I never saw it, and I was working for Westinghouse at the time and following the deal very closely.
What actually happened was this: in 1994, Westinghouse and CBS decided to join forces to strengthen each of their O&O lineups. Without actually merging at the time, the plan was to create a joint venture that would acquire additional stations to fill the newly-expanded ownership caps. If I recall the details correctly (and it's been nearly two decades now, so I may be a bit fuzzy on this), CBS was going to contribute much of the cash and the benefit of a then-top-ranked network affiliation, while Westinghouse would manage the stations and would flip its non-CBS outlets (WBZ, WJZ, KYW) to CBS.
The only deal that came to any kind of fruition was the one with NBC, which desperately wanted an ownership foothold in Philadelphia and was willing to
voluntarily trade away its better facility in Miami and its stations in Denver and Salt Lake City to get into the bigger Philly market. The Westinghouse/CBS joint venture was to have been the licensee of the Denver, Salt Lake and moved-to-channel-4 Miami stations, and possibly of KYW-TV as well, though I'm not sure of that.
In the end, it didn't really matter: before any of that could advance from press release to FCC filings and closings, Westinghouse decided it really wanted to swallow CBS entirely, and by the time Miami and Denver and Salt Lake sold, it was to the newly-merged CBS/Westinghouse entity, and only those of us who sat through the staff meetings and read the memos still remember the earlier joint venture plan.
But the point is: nobody was "ordered" to do anything. NBC believed (probably correctly, in hindsight) that the benefit of a Philly O&O far outweighed the loss of Denver and Salt Lake (the latter of which CBS didn't even keep in the end) and what turned out to be a temporary downgrade in Miami. CBS believed that the benefit of an alliance with the strong Westinghouse stations in Boston and Baltimore outweighed whatever pain came from selling off WCAU. Westinghouse saw a chance to get big quickly. And, again, they all did so voluntarily.